Mekhoa ea ho Koahela Lithapo le Lithapo: Tataiso e Felletseng ea Mekhoa le Mahlale

Lithapo le likhoele, tse sebetsang e le lijari tsa mantlha tsa phetiso ea motlakase le puisano ea tlhahisoleseling, li na le ts'ebetso e itšetlehileng ka kotloloho lits'ebetsong tsa ho koahela le ho koahela sheath. Ka ho fapana ha litlhoko tsa indasteri ea sejoale-joale bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea likhoele, lits'ebetso tse 'ne tse kholo—ho ntša, ho phuthela ka nako e telele, ho phuthela ka helical, le ho koahela ka ho teba—li bontša melemo e ikhethang maemong a fapaneng. Sengoloa sena se hlahloba khetho ea thepa, phallo ea ts'ebetso, le maemo a ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebetso ka 'ngoe, se fana ka motheo oa khopolo-taba bakeng sa moralo le khetho ea likhoele.

1 Ts'ebetso ea ho ntša

1.1 Mekhoa ea Lintho

Ts'ebetso ea extrusion e sebelisa haholo-holo thepa ea thermoplastic kapa thermosetting polymer:

① Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC): Theko e tlase, ts'ebetso e bonolo, e loketse likhoele tsa motlakase o tlase tse tloaelehileng (mohlala, likhoele tse tloaelehileng tsa UL 1061), empa li na le khanyetso e mpe ea mocheso (mocheso oa tšebeliso ea nako e telele ≤70°C).
②Polyethylene e hokahaneng le sefapano (XLPE): Ka peroxide kapa mahlaseli a kotsi, tekanyo ea mocheso e eketseha ho fihlela ho 90°C (tekanyetso ea IEC 60502), e sebelisoang bakeng sa likhoele tsa motlakase tse mahareng le tse phahameng.
③ Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU): Khanyetso ea ho hohlana e fihlela ISO 4649 Standard Kereiti A, e sebelisetsoang likhoele tsa ketane ea ho hula ea roboto.
④ Fluoroplastics (mohlala, FEP): Khanyetso ea mocheso o phahameng (200°C) le khanyetso ea ts'enyeho ea lik'hemik'hale, e fihlelang litlhoko tsa cable ea sefofane ea MIL-W-22759.

1.2 Litšobotsi tsa Ts'ebetso

E sebelisa sekere se ntšang lintho tse ngata ho fihlela ho koaheloa ho tsoelang pele:

① Taolo ea Mocheso: XLPE e hloka taolo ea mocheso oa mekhahlelo e meraro (sebaka sa ho fepa 120°C → sebaka sa khatello 150°C → sebaka sa homogenizing 180°C).
② Taolo ea Botenya: Ho se leka-lekane ha lintho ho lokela ho ba ≤5% (joalokaha ho boletsoe ho GB/T 2951.11).
③ Mokhoa oa ho Pholisa: Ho pholisa gradient ka har'a setshelo sa metsi ho thibela ho petsoha ha khatello ea kristale.

1.3 Maemo a Ts'ebeliso

① Phetiso ea Matla: Likhoele tse nang le insulation ea 35 kV le ka tlase ho XLPE (GB/T 12706).
② Lithapo tsa Lithapo tsa Likoloi: Sehatsetsi sa PVC se nang le lebota le lesesaane (ISO 6722 e tloaelehileng ea botenya ba 0.13 mm).
③ Likhoele tse Ikhethang: Likhoele tsa coaxial tse koahetsoeng ka PTFE (ASTM D3307).

2 Ts'ebetso ea ho phuthela ka bolelele

2.1 Khetho ea Thepa

① Meqomo ea Tšepe: 0.15 mmtheipi ea tšepe e entsoeng ka galvanized(Litlhoko tsa GB/T 2952), theipi ea aluminium e koahetsoeng ka polasetiki (sebopeho sa Al/PET/Al).
② Lisebelisoa tse thibelang metsi: Theipi e thibelang metsi e koahetsoeng ka sekhomaretsi se chesang (sekhahla sa ho ruruha ≥500%).
③ Lisebelisoa tsa ho tjheseletsa: Terata ea ho tjheseletsa ea aluminium ea ER5356 bakeng sa ho tjheseletsa ea arc ea argon (tekanyetso ea AWS A5.10).

2.2 Litheknoloji tsa Bohlokoa

Mokhoa oa ho phuthela ka nako e telele o kenyelletsa mehato e meraro ea bohlokoa:

① Ho Etsa Meqolo: Ho koba mela e bataletseng hore e be sebopeho sa U → sebopeho sa O ka ho e phutholla ka mekhahlelo e mengata.
② Ho Welda ka ho tswelang pele: Ho Welda ka ho kenya motlakase ka maqhubu a phahameng (maqhubu a 400 kHz, lebelo la 20 m/min).
③ Tlhahlobo ea Inthanete: Setei sa tlhase (teko ea motlakase 9 kV/mm).

2.3 Litšebeliso tse Tloaelehileng

① Likheibole tsa metsing a ka tlas'a metsi: Sephutheloana sa tšepe se nang le mekhahlelo e 'meli se chitja se bolelele ba bolelele (IEC 60840 matla a tloaelehileng a mechini ≥400 N/mm²).
② Likhoele tsa Merafo: Sheath ea aluminium e nang le masenke (MT 818.14 matla a ho hatella ≥20 MPa).
③ Likhoele tsa Puisano: Thebe ea ho phuthela e kopantsoeng ea aluminium-plastiki e telele (tahlehelo ea phetiso ≤0.1 dB/m @1GHz).

3 Ts'ebetso ea ho phuthela ka Helical

3.1 Metswako ea Lintho

① Theipi ea Mica: Sekhahla sa Muscovite ≥95% (GB/T 5019.6), mocheso oa ho hanyetsa mollo 1000°C/90 min.
② Theipi e tsamaisang motlakase ka semiconducting: Khabone e ntšo e ka har'a 30% ～40% (bophahamo ba modumo ke 10² ～10³ Ω·cm).
③ Litheipi tse kopantsoeng: Filimi ea polyester + lesela le sa lohiloeng (botenya ba 0.05 mm ±0.005 mm).

3.2 Liparamente tsa Ts'ebetso

① Sekhutlo sa ho phuthela: 25°～55° (sekhutlo se senyenyane se fana ka khanyetso e betere ya ho kobeha).
② Karolelano ea ho Kopana: 50% ～70% (likhoele tse sa cheng li hloka ho kopana ha 100%).
③ Taolo ea Khatello: 0.5～2 N/mm² (taolo ea servo motor closed-loop).

3.3 Litšebeliso tse Ncha

① Likhoele tsa Matla a Nyutlelie: Ho phuthela theipi ea mica ea mekhahlelo e meraro (teko ea standard ea IEEE 383 LOCA e tšoaneleha).
② Likheibole tse tsamaisang motlakase ka matla: Ho phuthela theipi e thibelang metsi ka mokhoa o sa fetoheng (sekhahla sa bohlokoa sa ho boloka motlakase ka matla ≥98%).
③ Likheibole tse nang le maqhubu a phahameng: Ho phuthela filimi ea PTFE (e sa fetoheng ea dielectric 2.1 @1MHz).

4 Mokhoa oa ho Koahela ka Dip

4.1 Mekhoa ea ho Koahela

① Liaparo tsa Asphalt: Ho kenella ha 60～80 (0.1 mm) @25°C (GB/T 4507).
② Polyurethane: Sistimi ea likarolo tse peli (NCO∶OH = 1.1∶1), ho khomarela ≥3B (ASTM D3359).
③ Liaparo tse nyenyane: SiO₂ epoxy resin e fetotsoeng (teko ea spray ea letsoai >1000 h).

4.2 Lintlafatso tsa Ts'ebetso

① Ho kenngoa ha vacuum: Khatello ea 0.08 MPa e bolokoa metsotso e 30 (sekhahla sa ho tlatsa li-pore tse ka tlase ho 95%).
② Ho Fokotsa Mahlaseli a UV: Bolelele ba maqhubu 365 nm, matla 800 mJ/cm².
③ Ho omisa ka gradient: 40°C × lihora tse 2 → 80°C × lihora tse 4 → 120°C × hora e le 'ngoe.

4.3 Likopo tse Ikhethang

① Di-conductor tse ka Holimo: Seaparo se thibelang ho bola se fetotsoeng ke graphene (botenya ba letsoai bo fokotsehile ka 70%).
② Likhoele tsa Shipboard: Seaparo sa polyurea se iphekolang (nako ea pholiso ea mapetso ③ Likhoele tse Patiloeng: Semiconducting coating (khanyetso ea ho thella ha mobu ≤5 Ω·km).

5 Qetello

Ka nts'etsopele ea thepa e ncha le lisebelisoa tse bohlale, lits'ebetso tsa ho koahela li ntse li fetoha ho ea ho kopanngoa le ho etsoa ha dijithale. Mohlala, theknoloji e kopaneng ea ho phuthela ka extrusion-longitudinal e nolofalletsa tlhahiso e kopaneng ea sheath ea co-extrusion ea mekhahlelo e meraro + aluminium, 'me likhoele tsa puisano tsa 5G li sebelisa nano-coating + wrapping composite insulation. Boiqapelo ba ts'ebetso ea nakong e tlang bo hloka ho fumana tekano e ntle lipakeng tsa taolo ea litšenyehelo le ntlafatso ea ts'ebetso, e leng se susumetsang nts'etsopele ea boleng bo holimo ea indasteri ea likhoele.