Abstract: Molao-motheo o kopanyang sefapano, lihlopha, sebopeho, ts'ebetso le lisebelisoa tsa silane cross-linked polyethylene insulating material bakeng sa terata le thapo li hlalositsoe ka bokhutšoane, 'me litšobotsi tse ling tsa silane ka tlhaho li-cross-linked polyethylene insulating material ha li sebelisoa le ho sebelisoa hammoho le lintlha tse amang boemo ba ho kopanya lintho tse bonahalang li hlahisoa.
Keywords: Silane cross-linking; Khokahano ea tlhaho ea sefapano; Polyethylene; Insulation; Mohala le thapo
Silane cross-linked polyethylene cable material e se e sebelisoa haholo indastering ea terata le lithapo e le ntho e sireletsang likhoele tsa matla a tlase. Thepa ha ho etsoa terata e hokahantsoeng le thapo, le peroxy cross-linking le irradiation cross-linking bapisoa le thepa ea tlhahiso e hlokahalang e bonolo, e bonolo ho sebetsa, theko e tlase e akaretsang le melemo e meng, e fetohile thepa e etellang pele bakeng sa theko e tlase. -voltage cross-linked cable e nang le insulation.
1.Silane cross-linked cable material cross-linking principle
Ho na le mekhoa e 'meli e meholo ea ho etsa polyethylene e kopantsoeng ka sefapano sa silane: ho hlomathisa le ho kopanya. Ts'ebetsong ea ho hlomathiseletsoa, polymer e lahleheloa ke athomo ea eona ea H-athomo ea carbon ea tertiary tlas'a ketso ea free initiator le pyrolysis hore e be li-radicals tsa mahala, tse sebetsanang le - CH = CH2 sehlopha sa vinyl silane ho hlahisa polymer e hlomathisitsoeng e nang le trioxysilyl ester. sehlopha. Ts'ebetsong ea ho hokahanya, polima ea graft e qala ho etsoa ka hydrolyze ka pel'a metsi ho hlahisa silanol, 'me - OH e kopana le sehlopha se haufi sa Si-OH ho theha tlamo ea Si-O-Si, kahoo e kopanya polymer. macromolecules.
2.Silane cross-linked cable material and its cable production process
Joalo ka ha le tseba, ho na le mekhoa ea tlhahiso ea mehato e 'meli le mohato o le mong bakeng sa likhoele tsa silane tse hokahaneng le likhoele tsa tsona. Phapang pakeng tsa mokhoa oa mehato e 'meli le mokhoa oa mohato o le mong o teng moo mokhoa oa ho hlomathisa silane o etsoang teng, mokhoa oa ho hlomathiseletsoa ho moetsi oa thepa ea cable bakeng sa mokhoa oa mehato e' meli, mokhoa oa ho hlomathisa setsing sa tlhahiso ea lithapo bakeng sa mokhoa oa mohato o le mong. Thepa ea silane ea mehato e 'meli e kopantsoeng le polyethylene e nang le karolo e kholo ka ho fetisisa ea mmaraka e entsoe ka thepa e bitsoang A le B, e nang le thepa ea A e leng polyethylene e hlomathisitsoeng ka silane le thepa ea B e le catalyst master batch. The insulating core e ntan'o tšela metsi a futhumetseng kapa mouoane.
Ho na le mofuta o mong oa mehato e 'meli ea silane cross-linked polyethylene insulator, moo thepa ea A e hlahisoang ka tsela e fapaneng, ka ho hlahisa vinyl silane ka ho toba ka polyethylene nakong ea ho kopanya ho fumana polyethylene ka liketane tsa makala a silane.
Mokhoa oa mohato o le mong o boetse o na le mefuta e 'meli, mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa mohato o le mong ke mefuta e fapaneng ea lisebelisoa tse tala ho ea ka foromo ka karo-karolelano ea sistimi e khethehileng ea metering, e be extruder e khethehileng e etselitsoeng mohato o le mong ho phethela grafting le extrusion. kabel insulation konokono, tshebetsong ena, ha ho granulation, ha ho hlokahale hore kabel thepa ho kenya letsoho semela, ke fektheri kabel ho tlatsa mong. Sesebelisoa sena sa mohato o le mong oa tlhahiso ea lithapo tsa silane le thekenoloji ea ho etsa li rekoa haholo kantle ho naha 'me e theko e boima.
Mofuta o mong oa silane-mohato o le mong oa cross-linked polyethylene insulation material o hlahisoa ke baetsi ba thepa ea cable, ke lisebelisoa tsohle tse tala ho ea ka foromo ka karo-karolelano ea mokhoa o khethehileng oa ho kopanya hammoho, ho phutheloa le ho rekisoa, ha ho na thepa ea A le B. lintho tse bonahalang, thapo semela e ka ba ka ho toba ka extruder ho phetha mohato ka nako e tšoanang grafting le extrusion ea kabel insulation konokono. Ntho e ikhethang ea mokhoa ona ke hore ha ho hlokahale li-extruder tse khethehileng tse theko e boima, kaha mokhoa oa ho hlomathisa silane o ka phethoa ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa PVC, 'me mokhoa oa mehato e' meli o felisa tlhokahalo ea ho kopanya thepa ea A le B pele ho extrusion.
3. Sebopeho sa sebopeho
Thepa ea silane cross-linked polyethylene cable material ka kakaretso e entsoe ka base material resin, initiator, silane, antioxidant, polymerization inhibitor, catalyst, joalo-joalo.
(1) Resin ea motheo hangata ke resin e tlaase ea polyethylene (LDPE) e nang le melt index (MI) ea 2, empa morao tjena, ka nts'etsopele ea theknoloji ea resin ea maiketsetso le likhatello tsa litšenyehelo, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) le eona e bile teng. e sebelisitsoeng kapa e sebelisitsoeng hanyane joalo ka resin ea motheo bakeng sa thepa ena. Li-resin tse fapaneng li atisa ho ba le tšusumetso e kholo ho grafting le cross-link ka lebaka la ho se tšoane ha sebopeho sa bona sa ka hare sa macromolecular, kahoo sebopeho se tla fetoloa ka ho sebelisa li-resin tse fapaneng tsa motheo kapa mofuta o tšoanang oa resin ho tsoa ho bahlahisi ba fapaneng.
2 haholo ho etsa hore polyethylene cross-linking, e leng ho fokotsa fluidity lona, holim'a extruded insurance mantlha kaba, ho le thata ho pepeta tsamaiso. Ka ha palo ea sethatho e kenyellelitsoeng e nyane haholo ebile e na le kutloelo-bohloko, ho bohlokoa ho e hasanya ka ho lekana, kahoo hangata e eketsoa hammoho le silane.
(3) Silane e sebelisoa ka kakaretso vinyl unsaturated silane, ho akarelletsa le vinyl trimethoxysilane (A2171) le vinyl triethoxysilane (A2151), ka lebaka la lebelo le potlakileng la hydrolysis la A2171, kahoo khetha A2171 batho ba eketsehileng. Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, ho na le bothata ba ho eketsa silane, baetsi ba lisebelisoa tsa cable hona joale ba leka ho finyella moeli oa bona o tlaase ho fokotsa litšenyehelo, hobane silane e kenngoa ka ntle ho naha, theko e theko e boima haholo.
(4) Anti-oxidant ke ho netefatsa botsitso ba ts'ebetso ea polyethylene le thapo e thibelang botsofali mme e eketsoa, anti-oxidant ts'ebetsong ea grafting ea silane e na le karolo ea ho thibela karabelo ea grafting, ka hona ts'ebetso ea ho hlomathisa, ho eketsoa ha anti-oxidant. ho ba hlokolosi, chelete e ekelitsoeng ho nahana ka palo ea DCP ho tsamaisana le khetho. Ts'ebetsong ea mehato e 'meli ea ho hokahanya, boholo ba antioxidant bo ka eketsoa ka har'a catalyst master batch, e ka fokotsang tšusumetso ts'ebetsong ea grafting. Ts'ebetsong e le 'ngoe ea ho kopanya li-cross-link, antioxidant e teng ts'ebetsong eohle ea ho hlomathisa, kahoo khetho ea mefuta le chelete e bohlokoa haholo. Li-antioxidants tse sebelisoang hangata ke 1010, 168, 330, joalo-joalo.
(5) Polymerization inhibitor e eketsoa e le ho thibela ts'ebetso e 'ngoe ea ho hlomathiseletsoa le ho kopanya li-cross-link tsa karabelo ea mahlakoreng, ts'ebetsong ea ho kopanya ho eketsa moemeli oa anti-cross-linking, e ka fokotsa ka katleho ketsahalo ea C2C cross-linking, kahoo e ntlafatsa. ho sebetsa ha fluidity, ho phaella moo, ho eketsoa ha greft maemong a tšoanang ho tla etelloa pele ke hydrolysis ea silane ka inhibitor ea polymerization e ka fokotsa hydrolysis ea polyethylene e hlomathisitsoeng, ho ntlafatsa botsitso ba nako e telele ea thepa ea graft.
6 Ts'ebetsong ea mehato e 'meli, graft (A material) le "catalyst master batch" (B material) li phuthetsoe ka thoko 'me lisebelisoa tsa A le B li kopantsoe hammoho pele li kenngoa ho extruder ho thibela pele ho crosslinking ea thepa ea A. Tabeng ea li-insulation tsa polyethylene tse nang le mohato o le mong oa silane, polyethylene ka har'a sephutheloana ha e e-s'o hlomathisoe, ka hona ha ho na bothata ba ho kopanya pele ho sefapano, kahoo catalyst ha e hloke ho kenngoa ka thoko.
Ho feta moo, ho na le li-silane tse kopantsoeng tse fumanehang 'marakeng, e leng motsoako oa silane, initiator, antioxidant, lubricant le li-anti-copper agents,' me ka kakaretso li sebelisoa mekhoeng e le 'ngoe ea ho kopanya silane ka har'a limela tsa cable.
Ka hona, ho hlophisoa ha silane cross-linked polyethylene insulation, e leng sebopeho sa eona ha se nkoe se rarahane haholo 'me se fumaneha boitsebisong bo nepahetseng, empa lihlahisoa tse nepahetseng tsa tlhahiso, ho itšetlehile ka liphetoho tse ling e le hore li phethe, tse hlokang ho feletseng. kutloisiso ea karolo ea likarolo ho thehoeng le molao oa phello ea tsona ts'ebetsong le ts'usumetso ea tsona ka bobeli.
Mefuteng e mengata ea lisebelisoa tsa cable, silane cross-linked cable material (ebang ke mehato e 'meli kapa mohato o le mong) e nkoa e le eona feela mefuta e fapaneng ea mekhoa ea lik'hemik'hale e hlahang ka extrusion, mefuta e meng e kang polyvinyl chloride (PVC) cable material and polyethylene (PE) lisebelisoa tsa cable, mokhoa oa extrusion granulation ke mokhoa oa ho kopanya 'mele, esita le haeba lik'hemik'hale tse kopanyang le mahlaseli a marang-rang a marang-rang, ebang ke ka mokhoa oa extrusion granulation, kapa extrusion system Cable, ha ho na ts'ebetso ea lik'hemik'hale e etsahalang. , kahoo, ha ho bapisoa, tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa tsa cable tse kopantsoeng le silane le extrusion ea cable insulation, taolo ea ts'ebetso e bohlokoa haholo.
4. Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea silane e nang le li-cross-linked polyethylene insulation process
Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea silane ea mehato e 'meli e kopantsoeng le polyethylene Insulation A thepa e ka emeloa ka bokhutšoanyane ke Setšoantšo sa 1.
Setšoantšo sa 1 Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea silane ea mehato e 'meli e kopantsoeng le polyethylene insulating material A
Lintlha tse ling tsa bohlokoa ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso ea silane e kopantsoeng le polyethylene insulation ea mehato e 'meli:
(1) Ho omisa. Kaha resin ea polyethylene e na le metsi a seng makae, ha a fetisoa ka mocheso o phahameng, metsi a arabela ka potlako le lihlopha tsa silyl ho hlahisa li-cross-link, tse fokotsang metsi a qhibilihisang le ho hlahisa pele ho sefapano. Boitsebiso bo phethiloeng bo boetse bo na le metsi ka mor'a ho pholile ha metsi, e leng se ka boela sa etsa hore ho se ke ha e-ba le crosslinking pele ho tlosoa, hape ho tlameha ho omisoa. E le ho netefatsa boleng ba ho omisa, ho sebelisoa mochine o tebileng oa ho omisa.
(2) Methara. Kaha ho nepahala ha sebopeho sa thepa ho bohlokoa, ho sebelisoa sekala sa boima ba ho lahleheloa ke boima bo tsoang linaheng tse ling. Polyethylene resin le antioxidant li lekanngoa le ho feptjoa ka koung ea phepelo ea extruder, ha silane le initiator li kenngoa ka pompo ea thepa ea metsi ka har'a barele ea bobeli kapa ea boraro ea extruder.
(3) Extrusion grafting. Ts'ebetso ea ho hlomathisa ea silane e phethoa ka extruder. Litlhophiso tsa ts'ebetso ea extruder, ho kenyelletsa mocheso, motsoako oa sekoti, lebelo la screw le sekhahla sa fepa, se tlameha ho latela molao-motheo oa hore thepa e karolong ea pele ea extruder e ka qhibiliha ka ho feletseng 'me e tsoakane ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, ha ho senyeha pele ho nako ea peroxide ha ho lakatsehe. , le hore thepa e ts'oanang ka ho feletseng karolong ea bobeli ea extruder e tlameha ho senyeha ka ho feletseng 'me mokhoa oa ho hlomathisa o phethoe, Lithempereichara tse tloaelehileng tsa karolo ea extruder (LDPE) li bontšoa ho Lethathamo la 1.
Letlapa la 1 Lithempereichara tsa libaka tse peli tsa extruder
| Sebaka sa ho sebetsa | Sebaka sa 1 | Zone 2 | Zone 3 ① | Sebaka sa 4 | Zone 5 |
| Thempereichara P °C | 140 | 145 | 120 | 160 | 170 |
| Sebaka sa ho sebetsa | Sebaka sa 6 | Sebaka sa 7 | Sebaka sa 8 | Sebaka sa 9 | Molomo oa shoa |
| Mocheso °C | 180 | 190 | 195 | 205 | 195 |
① ke moo silane e kenyelletsoang teng.
Lebelo la sekoti sa extruder le etsa qeto ea nako ea bolulo le phello ea ho kopanya ea lintho tse bonahalang ho extruder, haeba nako ea bolulo e le khutšoanyane, ho senyeha ha peroxide ha hoa fella; haeba nako ea bolulo e le telele haholo, viscosity ea thepa e extruded e eketseha. Ka kakaretso, ka karolelano nako ea bolulo ea granule ka extruder lokela ho laolwa initiator decomposition halofo ea bophelo ba 5-10 linako tse ling. Lebelo la ho fepa ha le na tšusumetso e itseng feela nakong ea ho lula ha thepa, empa hape le ho kopanya le ho kuta thepa, khetha lebelo le nepahetseng la ho fepa le lona ke la bohlokoa haholo.
(4) Sephutheloana. Matlapa a silane a mehato e 'meli a hoketsoeng a lokela ho kenngoa ka har'a mekotla ea motsoako oa aluminium-polasetiki moeeng o tobileng ho felisa mongobo.
5. Silane-mohato o le mong cross-linked polyethylene insulating thepa tshebetso tlhahiso
Mohato o le mong silane cross-linked polyethylene insulation thepa ka lebaka la tshebetso lona grafting ke kabel fektheri extrusion ea kabel insulation konokono, kahoo kabel insulation extrusion mocheso o phahame haholo ho feta mokhoa oa mehato e 'meli. Leha ho le joalo, mohato o le mong silane cross-linked polyethylene insulation formula e 'nile ea nkoa ka botlalo ka ho hasana ka potlako ea initiator le silane le thepa kuta, empa tshebetso grafting lokela ho tiisetsoa ke mocheso, e leng mohato o le mong silane cross-linked polyethylene. Semela sa tlhahiso ea insulation e hatelletse khafetsa bohlokoa ba khetho e nepahetseng ea mocheso oa extrusion, mocheso o khothaletsoang ka kakaretso oa extrusion o bontšoa ho Lethathamo la 2.
Letlapa la 2 Mohato o le mong oa mocheso oa mocheso oa sebaka ka seng (yuniti: ℃)
| Sebaka | Sebaka sa 1 | Zone 2 | Sebaka sa 3 | Sebaka sa 4 | Flange | Hlooho |
| Mocheso | 160 | 190 | 200-210 | 220-230 | 230 | 230 |
Ena ke e 'ngoe ea mefokolo ea mohato o le mong oa silane cross-linked polyethylene process, eo ka kakaretso e sa hlokeheng ha ho etsoa lithapo tsa extruding ka mehato e' meli.
6.Thepa ea tlhahiso
Thepa ea tlhahiso ke tiiso ea bohlokoa ea taolo ea ts'ebetso. Ho hlahisa lithapo tsa silane tse amanang le sefapano ho hloka tekanyo e phahameng haholo ea taolo ea ts'ebetso, kahoo khetho ea thepa ea tlhahiso ke ea bohlokoa ka ho khetheha.
Ho hlahisa lisebelisoa tse peli tsa silane cross-linked polyethylene insulation material A thepa ea tlhahiso ea thepa, hona joale ho feta malapeng isotropic parallel twin-screw extruder e nang le boima bo boima bo tsoang linaheng tse ling, lisebelisoa tse joalo li ka finyella litlhoko tsa taolo ea ts'ebetso ho nepahala, khetho ea bolelele le bophara. mafahla-screw extruder ho etsa bonnete ba hore thepa bodulo nako, khetho ea imported boima bekha ho etsa bonnete ba ho nepahala ha metsoako. Ke 'nete hore ho na le lintlha tse ngata tsa lisebelisoa tse lokelang ho fuoa tlhokomelo e feletseng.
Joalokaha ho boletsoe pejana, silane-mohato o le mong cross-linked kabel tlhahiso thepa kabel semela ba imported, theko e boima, thepa ea lapeng baetsi ba ha ba na thepa e tšoanang tlhahiso, lebaka ke ho hloka tšebelisano-'moho pakeng tsa baetsi ba thepa le bafuputsi foromo le tshebetso.
7.Silane tlhaho cross-linked polyethylene insulation thepa
Silane ea tlhaho cross-linked polyethylene insulating thepa e ntlafalitsoeng lilemong tsa morao tjena e ka hokahana tlas'a maemo a tlhaho ka matsatsi a 'maloa, ntle le ho qoelisoa ka metsi a futhumetseng kapa a mouoane. Ha ho bapisoa le mokhoa oa setso oa silane cross-linking, thepa ena e ka fokotsa ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso bakeng sa baetsi ba li-cable, ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso le ho eketsa katleho ea tlhahiso. Silane ka tlhaho e kopantsoeng le polyethylene insulation e ntse e tsebahala le ho sebelisoa ke baetsi ba lithapo.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, silane ea tlhaho ea li-cross-linked polyethylene insulation e se e hōlile 'me e hlahisoa ka bongata, e nang le melemo e itseng ka theko ha e bapisoa le thepa e tsoang linaheng tse ling.
7. 1 Mehopolo ea ho theha silane ka tlhaho e kopantsoeng le polyethylene insulations
Silane tsa tlhaho cross-linked polyethylene insulations li hlahisoa ka mokhoa oa mehato e 'meli, ka mokhoa o ts'oanang o nang le resin ea motheo, initiator, silane, antioxidant, polymerisation inhibitor le catalyst. Ho hlophisoa ha li-insulators tsa tlhaho tsa silane tse amanang le polyethylene ho ipapisitse le ho eketsa sekhahla sa ho hlophisoa ha silane ea thepa ea A le ho khetha sesebelisoa se sebetsang hantle ho feta sa silane metsi a futhumetseng a amanang le polyethylene insulators. Tšebeliso ea thepa ea A e nang le tekanyo e phahameng ea ho hlomathisoa ha silane e kopantsoeng le mokelikeli o sebetsang hantle haholoanyane e tla thusa silane cross-linked polyethylene insulator hore e tšele ka potlako esita le mocheso o tlaase le mongobo o sa lekaneng.
Lisebelisoa tsa A-material bakeng sa li-silane tse tsoang linaheng tse ling ka tlhaho li-cross-linked polyethylene insulators li kopantsoe ke copolymerization, moo lihlahisoa tsa silane li ka laoloang ka boemo bo phahameng, athe tlhahiso ea A-materials e nang le litekanyetso tse phahameng tsa ho hlomathisoa ka ho hlomathisela silane ho thata. Resin ea motheo, initiator le silane e sebelisoang ho risepe e lokela ho fapana le ho lokisoa ho latela mefuta le tlatsetso.
Ho khethoa ha mohanyetsi le ho lokisoa ha litekanyetso tsa eona ho bohlokoa hape, kaha ho eketseha ha sekhahla sa ho hlomathisoa ha silane ho lebisa litlamorao tse ngata tsa CC. E le ho ntlafatsa mokelikeli oa ho sebetsa le boemo ba holim'a thepa ea A bakeng sa extrusion ea cable e latelang, ho hlokahala palo e loketseng ea polymerization inhibitor ho thibela ka katleho CC crosslinking le pele ho crosslinking.
Ho phaella moo, li-catalyst li phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho eketsa sekhahla sa ho kopanya 'me li lokela ho khethoa e le li-catalyst tse sebetsang tse nang le likarolo tsa phetoho tse se nang tšepe.
7. 2 Nako ea ho kopanya ea silane ka tlhaho e kopanya polyethylene insulations
Nako e hlokahalang ho phethela khokahanyo ea silane ea tlhaho e amanang le polyethylene ea tlhaho e itšetlehile ka mocheso, mongobo le botenya ba lera la ho pata. Ha thempereichara le mongobo li phahame, botenya ba lesela la insulation le fokotseha, nako e hlokahalang ea ho kopanya e khuts'oane, 'me ho fapana le hoo. Kaha mocheso le mongobo li fapana ho ea ka libaka le nako ea selemo, esita le sebakeng se le seng le ka nako e tšoanang, mocheso le mongobo kajeno le hosasane li tla fapana. Ka hona, nakong ea ts'ebeliso ea thepa, mosebelisi o lokela ho tseba nako ea ho hokahanya ho ea ka mocheso le mongobo oa lehae le o teng, hammoho le ho hlaka ha thapo le botenya ba sekhahla sa insulation.
Nako ea poso: Aug-13-2022