Ka lihlahisoa tsa terata le lithapo, meaho e sireletsang e arotsoe ka mehopolo e 'meli e fapaneng: tšireletso ea motlakase le tšireletso ea masimo a motlakase. Ts'ireletso ea motlakase e sebelisoa haholo ho thibela likhoele tsa mats'oao a maqhubu a phahameng (joalo ka likhoele tsa RF le likhoele tsa elektroniki) hore li se ke tsa baka tšitiso tikolohong e kantle kapa ho thibela maqhubu a motlakase a kantle ho kena-kenana le likhoele tse fetisang maqhubu a fokolang (joalo ka likhoele tsa matšoao le litekanyo), hammoho le ho fokotsa ho kena-kenana lipakeng tsa likhoele. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, tšireletso ea tšimo ea motlakase e etselitsoe ho leka-lekanya libaka tse matla tsa motlakase holim'a li-conductor kapa holim'a metsi a marang-rang a matla a mahareng le a phahameng a matla.
1. Sebopeho le Litlhoko tsa Motlakase oa Tšireletso ea Tšimo ea Motlakase
Tšireletso ea lithapo tsa motlakase e arotsoe ka conductor shielding, insulation shielding, le metal shielding. Ho ea ka litekanyetso tse amehang, lithapo tse nang le motlakase o lekantsoeng o moholo ho feta 0.6/1 kV li lokela ho ba le lera le sireletsang tšepe, le ka sebelisoang ho li-cores tsa insulated kapa mokokotlo oa cable ka kakaretso. Bakeng sa likhoele tse nang le motlakase o lekantsoeng bonyane 3.6/6 kV tse sebelisang insulation ea XLPE (cross-linked polyethylene), kapa likhoele tse nang le voltage e lekantsoeng ea bonyane 3.6/6 kV li sebelisa EPR e tšesaane (ethylene propylene rabara) insulation (kapa insulation e teteaneng e nang le voltage e lekantsoeng ea bonyane 6/10 kV), sebopeho sa semieconduct se hlokahala hape ke semieconduct e kantle.
(1) Tšireletso ea Conductor le Insulation Shielding
Tshireletso ya Conductor (Inner Semi-Conductive Shielding): Ena e lokela ho ba e senang tshepe, e nang le thepa e tlositsweng ka semi-conductive kapa motswako wa theipi ya semi-conductive e phuthetsweng ho potoloha conductor e latelwang ke semi-conductive material e ntshitsweng.
Insulation Shielding (Outer Semi-Conductive Shielding): Sena se fetisetsoa ka ho toba bokaholimong ba karolo e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea insulation 'me se tlameletsoe ka thata kapa se peelable ho tloha mokatong oa insulation.
Likarolo tse pharalletseng tsa semi-conductive tse ka hare le kantle li lokela ho tlamahanngoa ka thata ho sekontiri, ka sebopeho se boreleli se se nang matshwao a hlokomelehang a ho kontara, mathōko a nchocho, likaroloana, ho chesa, kapa mengoapo. The resistivity pele le ka mor'a botsofali ha ea lokela ho ba ho feta 1000 Ω·m bakeng sa lera le sireletsang conductor 'me e se ke ea feta 500 Ω·m bakeng sa lera la tšireletso le sireletsang.
Thepa e ka hare le e ka ntle ea semi-conductive e sireletsang e entsoe ka ho kopanya lisebelisoa tse thibelang metsi (tse kang cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) le ethylene propylene rabara (EPR)) le li-additives tse kang carbon black, li-anti-aging agents, le ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. Likaroloana tse ntšo tsa k'habone li lokela ho ajoa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang ho polymer, ho se na agglomeration kapa ho hasana hampe.
Botenya ba likarolo tse ka hare le tsa ka ntle tsa semi-conductive shielding bo eketseha ka tekanyo ea motlakase. Kaha matla a matla a motlakase holim'a lesela la ho kenya letsoho a phahame ka hare le ka tlaase ka ntle, botenya ba likarolo tsa tšireletso tsa semi-conductive le bona bo lokela ho ba botenya ka hare le ho ba tšesaane ka ntle. Bakeng sa likhoele tse lekantsoeng ho 6 ~ 10~35 kV, botenya ba ka hare hangata bo tloha ho 0.5~0.6~0.8 mm.
(2) Tšhieletso ea tšepe
Lithapo tse nang le motlakase o lekantsoeng ho feta 0.6/1 kV li lokela ho ba le lera le sireletsang tšepe. Lera le sireletsang tšepe le lokela ho koahela bokantle ba motheo o mong le o mong oa insulated kapa core ea cable. Tšireletso ea tšepe e ka ba le litheipi tsa tšepe tse le 'ngoe kapa ho feta, lithapo tsa tšepe, likarolo tse bohareng tsa lithapo tsa tšepe, kapa motsoako oa lithapo tsa tšepe le litheipi.
Europe le linaheng tse tsoetseng pele, moo ho sebelisoang litsamaiso tse peli tsa potoloho tse hanyetsanang le maqhubu a nako e khuts'oane a phahame, hangata ho sebelisoa ts'ireletso ea mohala oa koporo. Chaena, litsamaiso tsa phepelo ea matla a li-coil-based single-circuit li atile haholo, ka hona, ts'ireletso ea litheipi ea koporo hangata e sebelisoa. Baetsi ba li-cable ba reka litheipi tsa koporo tse thata ka ho seha le ho li koala ho li nolofatsa pele li sebelisoa. Litheipi tse bonolo tsa koporo li tlameha ho lumellana le maemo a GB/T11091-2005 "Copper Tapes for Cables".
Tšireletso ea koporo e lokela ho ba le lesela le le leng la tepi e bonolo ea koporo e koahetsoeng kapa likarolo tse peli tsa lekhalo le nang le lekhalo le bonolo la koporo. Karolelano ea sekhahla sa ho fetana e lokela ho ba 15% ea bophara ba theipi, ka sekhahla sa ho fetana se seng ka tlase ho 5%. Botenya ba lebitso la tepi ea koporo ha boa lokela ho ba ka tlase ho 0.12 mm bakeng sa likhoele tsa mantlha tse le 'ngoe le tse ka tlase ho 0.10 mm bakeng sa likhoele tse ngata-ngata. Botenya ba bonyane ha boa lokela ho ba ka tlase ho 90% ea boleng ba lebitso.
Tšhireletšo ya terata ya koporo e na le mehala e bonolo ya koporo e maqeba, mme bokahodimo bo sireleditswe ka mehala ya koporo e phuthetsweng ka morao kapa ditheipi. Ho hanyetsa ha eona ho lokela ho lumellana le tekanyo ea GB / T3956-2008 "Conductors of Cables", 'me sebaka sa eona se ikhethileng se lokela ho khethoa ho latela matla a hona joale a phoso.
2. Mesebetsi ea Li-Layers tsa Shielding le Kamano ea tsona le litekanyetso tsa Voltage
(1) Mesebetsi ea Tšireletso ea ka hare le ea Kantle ea Semi-Conductive
Li-conductors tsa lithapo hangata li entsoe ka lithapo tse ngata tse holehileng le tse hoketsoeng. Nakong ea li-insulation extrusion, likheo tsa lehae, li-burrs, kapa ho se lekane ha holim'a sebaka sa conductor le lera la ho kenya letsoho ho ka baka khatello ea sebaka sa motlakase, e leng se lebisang ho phatloheng ho sa lekanyetsoang le ho ntšoa ha lifate, tse senyang ts'ebetso ea motlakase. Ka ho ntša lera la semi-conductive material (conductor shielding) pakeng tsa bokaholimo ba conductor le lera la insulation, e ka tlamahanngoa ka thata le insulation. Kaha sekhahla sa semi-conductive se na le bokhoni bo tšoanang le ba mokhanni, likheo leha e le life pakeng tsa bona li ke ke tsa e-ba le liphello tsa motlakase, kahoo li thibela ho tsoa ha karolo e itseng.
Ka mokhoa o ts'oanang, likheo lipakeng tsa bokaholimo ba ho kenya letsoho ka ntle le sheath ea tšepe (kapa ts'ireletso ea tšepe) le tsona li ka lebisa ho phalloeng ha karolo e itseng, haholo-holo litekanyetsong tse phahameng tsa motlakase. Ka ho ntša lera la semi-conductive material (insulation shielding) holim'a bokantle ba ho kenya letsoho ka ntle, e etsa sebaka sa equipotential le sheath ea tšepe, ho felisa liphello tsa motlakase ka har'a likheo le ho thibela ho tsoa ha karolo e itseng.
(2) Mesebetsi ea Metal Shielding
Mesebetsi ea ts'ireletso ea tšepe e kenyelletsa: ho tsamaisa maqhubu a capacitive tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng, ho sebetsa e le tsela bakeng sa maqhubu a nako e khutšoanyane (phoso), ho koala sebaka sa motlakase ka har'a ho pata (ho fokotsa ho kena-kenana le motlakase ho tikoloho ea ka ntle), le ho netefatsa masimo a motlakase a tšoanang (mabala a motlakase a mahlaseli). Mekhahlelong e meraro ea terata e mene, e boetse e sebetsa e le mohala o sa nke lehlakore, o jereng maqhubu a sa leka-lekaneng, 'me o fana ka thibelo ea metsi ea radial.
3. Mabapi le Cable ea OW
E le morekisi ea ka sehloohong oa thepa e tala bakeng sa terata le thapo, OW Cable e fana ka polyethylene ea boleng bo holimo e kopantsoeng le sefapano (XLPE), litheipi tsa koporo, lithapo tsa koporo, le lisebelisoa tse ling tse sireletsang tse sebelisoang haholo ha ho etsoa lithapo tsa motlakase, lithapo tsa puisano le likhoele tse khethehileng. Lihlahisoa tsa rona li lumellana le litekanyetso tsa machaba, 'me re ikemiselitse ho fana ka litharollo tse ka tšeptjoang tsa tšireletso ea cable ho bareki ba rona.
Nako ea poso: Mar-24-2025