Fiber ea Aramid, e khuts'oane bakeng sa fiber e nkhang hamonate ea polyamide, e thathamisitsoe har'a likhoele tse 'ne tse sebetsang hantle tse behiloeng pele bakeng sa nts'etsopele Chaena, hammoho le fiber ea carbon, polyethylene fiber (UHMWPE) e phahameng haholo ea molek'hule, le fiber ea basalt. Joalo ka nylon e tloaelehileng, faeba ea aramid ke ea lelapa la likhoele tsa polyamide, tse nang le li-amide ka ketane ea mantlha ea limolek'hule. Phapang e ka sehloohong e ho tlamahano: li-bond tsa nylon tsa amide li hokahane le lihlopha tsa aliphatic, athe tsa aramid li kopanngoa le masale a benzene. Sebopeho sena se khethehileng sa limolek'hule se fana ka fiber ea aramid matla a axial a phahameng haholo (> 20cN/dtex) le modulus (> 500GPa), e leng se etsang hore e be thepa e ratoang bakeng sa ho tiisa likhoele tse phahameng haholo.
Mefuta ea Aramid Fiber
Fiber ea Aramidhaholo-holo e kenyelletsa likhoele tse nkhang hamonate tsa polyamide ka botlalo le likhoele tsa heterocyclic tse nkhang hamonate tsa polyamide, tse ka arolelanoang ho ea ho ortho-aramid, para-aramid (PPTA), le meta-aramid (PMTA). Har'a tsena, meta-aramid le para-aramid ke tsona tse tsoetseng pele indastering. Ho latela pono ea sebopeho sa limolek'hule, phapang e kholo lipakeng tsa tsena tse peli e sebakeng sa athomo ea khabone ka har'a selikalikoe sa benzene seo amide bond e hokeloang ho sona. Phapang ena ea sebopeho e lebisa ho khethollo e kholo ea thepa ea mechine le botsitso ba mocheso.
Para-Aramide
Para-aramid, kapa poly(p-phenylene terephthalamide) (PPTA), eo hape e tsejoang Chaena e le Aramid 1414, ke polymer e phahameng e nang le mela e fetang 85% ea li-amide tsa eona tse amanang ka kotloloho le mehele e nkhang hamonate. Lihlahisoa tsa para-aramid tse atlehileng ka ho fetisisa khoebong ke Kevlar® ea DuPont le Teijin's Twaron®, tse laolang 'maraka oa lefatše lohle. E ne e le fiber ea pele e kileng ea hlahisoa ho sebelisoa tharollo ea metsi ea crystalline polymer spinning, e leng se hlahisang nako e ncha ea likhoele tsa maiketsetso tse sebetsang hantle. Mabapi le thepa ea mochini, matla a eona a thata a ka fihla ho 3.0-3.6 GPa, elastic modulus 70-170 GPa, le elongation nakong ea khefu 2-4%. Litšobotsi tsena tse ikhethang li e fa melemo e ke keng ea nkeloa sebaka molemong oa ho matlafatsa thapo ea optical, ts'ireletso ea ballistic le likarolo tse ling.
Meta-Aramide
Meta-aramid, kapa poly(m-phenylene isophthalamide) (PMTA), eo hape e tsejoang naheng ea China e le Aramid 1313, ke fiber ea tlhaho e hanyetsanang le mocheso o phahameng. Sebopeho sa eona sa limolek'hule se na le lihlopha tsa amide tse hokahanyang mehele ea meta-phenylene, e etsang ketane ea li-zigzag e tsitsitseng ka li-intermolecular hydrogen bond ho marang-rang a 3D. Sebopeho sena se fana ka fiber e nang le ho lieha ho hoholo ha lelakabe, botsitso ba mocheso, le ho hanyetsa mahlaseli. Sehlahisoa se tloaelehileng ke DuPont's Nomex®, e nang le Limiting Oxygen Index (LOI) ea 28-32, mocheso oa phetoho oa khalase o ka bang 275 ° C, le mocheso o tsoelang pele oa tšebeletso o ka holimo ho 200 ° C, e leng se etsang hore e sebelisoe haholo mehalang e thibelang mollo le lisebelisoa tsa ho thibela mocheso o phahameng.
Thepa e ikhethang ea Aramid Fiber
Fiber ea Aramid e fana ka matla a holimo-limo, modulus e phahameng, ho hanyetsa mocheso, ho hanyetsa acid le alkali, boima bo tlaase, ho pata, ho hanyetsa botsofali, nako e telele ea bophelo, botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale, ha ho marotholi a qhibilihileng nakong ea mollo, le likhase tse sa chefo. Ho latela pono ea ts'ebeliso ea cable, para-aramid e feta meta-aramid ka ho hanyetsa mocheso, ka mocheso oa ts'ebeletso o tsoelang pele oa -196 ho isa ho 204 ° C mme ha ho na ho bola kapa ho qhibiliha ho 500 ° C. Thepa e tsebahalang haholo ea Para-aramid e kenyelletsa matla a phahameng haholo, modulus e phahameng, ho hanyetsa mocheso, khanyetso ea lik'hemik'hale, le letsoalo le tlase. Matla a eona a feta 25 g/dtex—makhetlo a 5 ho isa ho a 6 a tšepe ea boleng bo phahameng, makhetlo a 3 a fiberglass, le a makhetlo a mabeli a khoele ea liindasteri tsa nylon e matla haholo. Modulus ea eona ke makhetlo a 2-3 a tšepe kapa fiberglass le makhetlo a 10 a nylon e matla a phahameng. E thata ka makhetlo a mabeli ho feta terata ea tšepe 'me e boima ba hoo e ka bang 1/5 feela, e leng se etsang hore e be e loketseng hantle bakeng sa tšebeliso ea lithapo tsa optical, lithapo tse tsamaeang ka tlas'a metsi le mefuta e meng ea lithapo tsa boleng bo holimo.
Mechanical Properties ea Aramid Fiber
Meta-aramid ke polima e tenyetsehang e nang le matla a pshatlehang ho feta polyester e tloaelehileng, k'hothone kapa nylon. E na le lebelo le phahameng la bolelele, ho utloahala ha letsoho le bonolo, ho bilika hantle, 'me e ka hlahisoa ho ba likhoele tse khutšoane kapa likhoele tse fapaneng tse hanang. E ka ohloa hore e be masela le li-nonwovens ho sebelisoa mechini e tloaelehileng ea masela 'me ea sebetsoa ho fihlela litlhoko tsa liaparo tsa ts'ireletso tsa liindasteri tse fapaneng. Litabeng tsa motlakase, thepa ea meta-aramid e thibelang lelakabe le e thibelang mocheso e hlahella. Ka LOI e kholo ho feta 28, e ke ke ea tsoela pele ho tuka ka mor'a hore e tlohe lelakabe. Ho hanyetsa lelakabe la eona ke karolo ea mantlha ea sebopeho sa eona sa lik'hemik'hale, ho e etsa hore e se ke ea hlola e e-ba le malakabe-e hanyetsanang le tahlehelo ea ts'ebetso ka lebaka la ho hlatsoa kapa ho sebelisoa nako e telele. Meta-aramid e na le botsitso bo botle ba mocheso, ka tšebeliso e tsoelang pele ho 205°C le ho boloka matla ka matla esita le mochesong o ka holimo ho 205°C. Themperetjha ya yona ya ho bola e phahame, mme ha e qhibidihe kapa ho rotha ka dithempereichara tse phahameng, e qala feela ho ba carbonize ho feta 370°C. Mehaho ena e etsa hore e be e loketseng bakeng sa ho kenya letsoho le ho matlafatsa likhoele tse nang le mocheso o phahameng kapa tse thibelang mollo.
Ho tsitsa ha lik'hemik'hale tsa Aramid Fiber
Meta-aramid e na le khanyetso e ntle ho lik'hemik'hale tse ngata le li-acid tse ngata tsa inorganic, leha e na le kutloelo-bohloko ho sulfuric le nitric acid. E boetse e na le khanyetso e ntle ea alkali mocheso oa kamore.
Ho hanyetsa Radiation ea Aramid Fiber
Meta-aramid e bonts'a khanyetso e ikhethang ea mahlaseli. Mohlala, tlas'a ts'oaetso ea nako e telele ho 1.2×10⁻² W/cm² ultraviolet le mahlaseli a 1.72×10⁸ rad gamma, matla a eona ha a fetohe. Khanyetso ena e ikhethang ea mahlaseli e etsa hore e tšoanelehe ka ho khetheha lithapo tse sebelisoang liteisheneng tsa matla a nyutlelie le lifofa-sebakeng.
Ho tšoarella ha Fiber ea Aramid
Meta-aramid e boetse e bonts'a abrasion e ntle haholo le khanyetso ea lik'hemik'hale. Kamora ho hlatsuoa ha 100, lesela le entsoeng ka meta-aramid e hlahisoang ka lapeng le boloka ho feta 85% ea matla a lona a pele a tabohang. Lits'ebetsong tsa cable, nako ena e tšoarellang e tiisa botsitso ba nako e telele ea mochine le motlakase.
Lisebelisoa tsa Aramid Fiber
Fiber ea Aramid e sebelisoa haholo indastering ea lifofane, tsa likoloi, tsa motlakase, tsa kaho le tsa lipapali tsa China ka lebaka la thepa ea eona e ntle ea mochini, ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng le botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale. E nkuoa e le thepa ea bohlokoa bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea kamoso ea liindasteri tse sebetsang hantle haholo. Haholo-holo, aramid e phetha karolo e ke keng ea nkeloa sebaka mafapheng a likhoele tsa optical tsa puisano, likhoele tsa motlakase, likhoele tse sa keneleng mocheso o phahameng, likhoele tse tsamaeang ka tlas'a metsi le likhoele tse khethehileng.
Aerospace le Libaka tsa Sesole
Fiber ea Aramid e na le letsoalo le tlase, matla a phahameng, le ho hanyetsa kutu ho hoholo. E sebelisoa haholo likarolong tsa meralo ea likoloi tsa sefofane, joalo ka li-rocket motor casings le meaho ea radome ea Broadband. Lisebelisoa tsa eona tse kopaneng li bonts'a ts'ebetso e ntle haholo ea ho hanyetsa le ho pepeseha ha maqhubu a motlakase, ho fokotsa boima ba sefofane haholo le ho ntlafatsa polokeho. Lefapheng la ts'ireletso, aramid e sebelisoa ka har'a li-bulletproof vests, lihelmete le lijana tse thibelang ho phatloha, e leng se etsang hore e be thepa e etellang pele molokong o latelang oa tšireletso ea sesole e bobebe.
Libaka tsa Kaho le Lipalangoang
Indastering ea kaho, fiber ea aramid e sebelisoa bakeng sa matlafatso ea meralo le lits'ebetso tsa likhoele tsa borokho ka lebaka la boima ba eona bo bobebe, bo bonolo le bo hanyetsanang le kutu. E sebetsa ka ho khetheha ho matlafatsa mehaho e sa tloaelehang. Lipalangoang, aramid e sebelisoa ka masela a thapo ea thaere bakeng sa likoloi le lifofane. Lithaere tse matlafalitsoeng ke Aramid li fana ka matla a phahameng, ho hanyetsa ho phunya, ho hanyetsa mocheso, le bophelo bo bolelele ba tšebeletso, ho finyella litlhoko tsa ts'ebetso ea likoloi tsa morao-rao tse lebelo le lifofane.
Indasteri ea Motlakase, Elektronike, le Lithapo
Aramid fiber e na le lits'ebetso tse hlahelletseng haholo makaleng a tlhahiso ea motlakase, lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, mehala le likhoele, haholo-holo libakeng tse latelang:
Litho tsa Tensile ka har'a li-Cables tsa Optical: Ka matla a phahameng a tsitsipano le modulus, fiber ea aramid e sebetsa e le setho se ts'oarellang mehalang ea puisano ea optical, e sireletsang likhoele tse bobebe tsa optical ho tloha ho deformation tlas'a tsitsipano le ho netefatsa phetiso e tsitsitseng ea matšoao.
Matlafatso ka Lithapo: Lithapong tse khethehileng, mehala ea likepe tse tsamaeang ka tlas'a metsi, likhoele tsa motlakase, le likhoele tse sa keneleng mocheso o phahameng, aramid e sebelisoa hangata joalo ka ntho e matlafatsang e bohareng kapa lera la lihlomo. Ha ho bapisoa le li-reinforcements tsa tšepe, aramid e fana ka matla a phahameng ka boima bo tlaase, e matlafatsang haholo matla a cable le botsitso ba mochine.
Insulation le Flame Retardancy: Li-composite tsa Aramid li na le dielectric tse ntle haholo le botsitso ba mocheso. Li sebelisoa haholo meahong ea li-cable insulation, lijase tse thibelang malakabe, le li-halogen tse se nang mosi o tlase. Pampiri ea Aramid, ka mor'a ho kenngoa ka varnish e sireletsang, e kopantsoe le mica ea tlhaho bakeng sa ho sebelisoa ka li-motor le li-transformer tse sa keneleng mocheso o phahameng.
Lithapo tse Thibelang Mollo le tsa Terene: Fibre ea tlhaho e hanyetsanang le lelakabe la Aramid le ho mamella mocheso li etsa hore e be e loketseng ho sebelisoa lithapong tsa likepe, lithapong tsa terene le likhoele tse sa cheng tsa nyutlelie, moo litekanyetso tsa polokeho li leng thata.
EMC le Lightweighting: Ponahalo e ntle ea motlakase ea Aramid le ponaletso e tlase ea dielectric e etsa hore e tšoanele likarolo tse sireletsang tsa EMI, li-radome tsa radar, le likarolo tsa kopanyo ea optoelectronic, ho thusa ho ntlafatsa tšebelisano ea motlakase le ho fokotsa boima ba sistimi.
Lisebelisoa tse ling
Ka lebaka la selikalikoe sa eona se phahameng se nkhang hamonate, fiber ea aramid e fana ka botsitso bo ikhethang ba lik'hemik'hale le ho hanyetsa kutu, e etsa hore e tšoanele liropo tsa leoatleng, likhoele tsa ho cheka oli, le likhoele tsa optical tse fetisang ka holimo libakeng tse thata. E boetse e sebelisoa haholo lisebelisoa tsa lipapali tsa pele, lisebelisoa tsa ts'ireletso, le li-brake pads tsa likoloi, 'me e ntse e tsoela pele ho amoheloa e le mokhoa o seng kotsi oa tikoloho ho fapana le asbestos ts'ebetsong ea ho tiisa le ho kenya lisebelisoa, liphanele tsa ho kenya mocheso le likarolo tse ling tsa ho tiisa, ho netefatsa ts'ebetso le polokeho ea tikoloho.
Nako ea poso: Jul-31-2025