Ka phetoho ea sebopeho sa matla a lefats'e le tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele ea theknoloji, likhoele tse ncha tsa matla li ntse li fetoha thepa ea bohlokoa tšimong ea phetiso le kabo ea matla. Likhoele tse ncha tsa matla, joalo ka ha lebitso le bolela, ke mofuta oa likhoele tse khethehileng tse sebelisoang ho hokahanya masimo a kang tlhahiso e ncha ea matla, polokelo ea matla le likoloi tse ncha tsa matla. Likhoele tsena ha li na feela ts'ebetso ea motlakase ea mantlha ea likhoele tsa setso, empa hape li tlameha ho sebetsana le liphephetso tse ngata lits'ebetsong tse ncha tsa matla, ho kenyeletsoa maemo a leholimo a feteletseng, libaka tse rarahaneng tsa motlakase le ho thothomela ha mechini ho matla haholo. Sengoloa sena se tla hlahloba bokamoso ba likhoele tse ncha tsa matla le menyetla ea tsona e mengata ea ts'ebeliso.
Tshebetso e ikhethang le liphephetso tsa likhoele tse ncha tsa motlakase
Moralo le khetho ea thepa ea likhoele tse ncha tsa matla li ikhetha ho fihlela litlhoko tsa masimo a fapaneng. Lefapheng la tlhahiso ea matla a letsatsi, likhoele tsa photovoltaic array li sebelisoa ho hokahanya likarolo tsa phanele ea photovoltaic. Likhoele tsena li pepesetsoa kantle selemo ho pota, kahoo ho bohlokoa ho hanela mahlaseli a ultraviolet le botsofali ba thepa. Likhoele tsa photovoltaic hangata li sebelisa matla a sa fetoheng haholo bakeng sa boemo ba leholimo.XLPEthepa ea ho thibela ho tjhesa le likhetla tsa kantle tsa polyolefin tse hanelang ho taboha ho netefatsa ts'ebetso ea tsona e tsitsitseng ea nako e telele. Likhoele tsa khokahano ea inverter li hloka ho ba le khanyetso e ntle ea mollo, kahoo likhoele tsa PVC tse thibelang malakabe ke khetho ea pele.
Litlhoko tsa lithapo lefapheng la tlhahiso ea matla a moea le tsona li thata ka ho lekana. Lithapo tse ka hare ho jenereithara li hloka ho khona ho ikamahanya le tšitiso e rarahaneng ea motlakase. Tharollo e tloaelehileng ke ho sebelisa terata ea koporo bakeng sa tšireletso ho fokotsa tšitiso ea motlakase. Ho phaella moo, lithapo tsa tora, lithapo tsa taolo, jj. litsamaisong tsa tlhahiso ea matla a moea le tsona li hloka ho ba le ts'epo e phahameng le ho hanyetsa boemo ba leholimo ho sebetsana le tikoloho ea tlhaho e rarahaneng le e fetohang.
Tšimo ea likoloi tse ncha tsa matla e na le litlhoko tse phahameng bakeng sa boleng le ts'ebetso ea likhoele. Likhoele tsa motlakase tse nang le motlakase o phahameng li ikarabella bakeng sa ho hokahanya lipakete tsa libeteri, lienjene le litsamaiso tsa ho tjhaja. Li sebelisa li-conductor tsa koporo tse hloekileng haholo tse nang le thepa ea ho kenya matla ea XLPE ho fokotsa tahlehelo ea matla. E le ho thibela tšitiso ea motlakase, moralo oa likhoele o kopanya lera le kopaneng la tšireletso la foil ea aluminium le terata ea koporo. Likhoele tsa ho tjhaja tsa AC le DC li tšehetsa litlhoko le mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho tjhaja, li totobatsa bokhoni bo phahameng ba ho jara motlakase le ts'ebetso e ntle ea ho kenya matla ho netefatsa polokeho le ts'ebetso ea likoloi tse ncha tsa matla.
Mekhoa ea polokelo ea matla le eona e itšetlehile ka tšehetso ea lithapo. Lithapo tsa khokahano ea betri li tlameha ho khona ho mamella liphetoho tse potlakileng khatellong ea hona joale le ea mocheso, kahoo ho sebelisoa thepa ea ho thibela motlakase e kang XLPE kapa rabara e khethehileng. Lithapo tse hokahanyang sistimi ea polokelo ea matla le gridi li tlameha ho fihlela maemo a phahameng a motlakase le ho ba le maemo a matle a tikoloho ho netefatsa polokeho ea phetiso ea motlakase.
Tlhoko ea 'maraka le kholo ea likhoele tse ncha tsa motlakase
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele le ho tuma ha theknoloji e ncha ea matla, liindasteri tse kang matla a moea, matla a letsatsi, le likoloi tse ncha tsa matla li hlahisitse kholo e matla, 'me tlhoko ea likhoele tse ncha tsa matla le eona e eketsehile haholo. Lintlha li bontša hore boholo ba merero e mecha ea matla e tla qaloa ka 2024 e tla fihla holimo haholo, ka kakaretso ea selemo le selemo ea li-kilowatts tse limilione tse 28, ho kenyeletsoa li-kilowatts tse limilione tse 7.13 tsa merero ea tlhahiso ea motlakase oa photovoltaic, li-kilowatts tse limilione tse 1.91 tsa merero ea polokelo ea matla, li-kilowatts tse limilione tse 13.55 tsa merero ea matla a moea, le li-kilowatts tse limilione tse 11 tsa merero ea ho nkela libeteri tsa likoloi tse ncha tsa matla sebaka.
Jwalo ka kgokelo ya bohlokwa ketaneng ya indasteri ya photovoltaic, dithapo tsa photovoltaic di na le menyetla e pharaletseng ya ntshetsopele. Chaena, United States le Yuropa ke dibaka tse tharo tse nang le bokgoni bo boholo ka ho fetisisa ba ho kenya di-photovoltaic, tse etsang 43%, 28% le 18% ya kakaretso ya lefatshe ka bophara, ka ho latellana. Dithapo tsa photovoltaic di sebediswa haholo-holo dipotolohong tsa DC disebedisweng tse mpe tsa ho thella tsa ditsamaiso tsa phepelo ya motlakase. Maemo a tsona a motlakase hangata ke 0.6/1kV kapa 0.4/0.6kV, mme tse ding di hodimo ho 35kV. Ka ho qaleha ha mehla ya parity, indasteri ya photovoltaic e haufi le ho kena mohatong wa kgolo e matla. Dilemong tse 5-8 tse tlang, di-photovoltaic e tla ba e nngwe ya mehlodi e meholo ya motlakase lefatsheng.
Nts'etsopele e potlakileng ea indasteri ea polokelo ea matla le eona e ke ke ea aroloa ho tšehetso ea likhoele tse ncha tsa matla. Tlhoko ea likhoele tsa DC tse nang le motlakase o phahameng, tse sebelisoang haholo ho hokahanya lisebelisoa tsa ho tjhaja le ho ntša le lisebelisoa tsa taolo tsa liteishene tsa motlakase oa polokelo ea matla, le likhoele tsa AC tse mahareng le tse tlase, tse sebelisoang ho hokahanya li-transformer, likhabinete tsa kabo, le lisebelisoa tse nang le motlakase o tlase tse kang mabone le taolo liteisheneng tsa motlakase oa polokelo ea matla, le tsona li tla eketseha haholo. Ka ho khothaletsa sepheo sa "khabone e habeli" le nts'etsopele ea theknoloji ea betri ea lithium, indasteri ea polokelo ea matla e tla tlisa sebaka se seholo sa nts'etsopele, 'me likhoele tse ncha tsa matla li tla bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho eona.
Mekhoa ea boqapi ba tekheniki le tšireletso ea tikoloho ea likhoele tse ncha tsa matla
Ntlafatso ea likhoele tse ncha tsa matla ha e hloke feela ts'ebetso e phahameng le ts'epo, empa hape le ts'ireletso ea tikoloho le litlhoko tse tlase tsa khabone. Lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele le tlhahiso ea likhoele le likhoele tse sireletsang tikoloho, tse hanelang mocheso o phahameng, le tse ikhethang tsa ts'ebetso e se e le mokhoa oa bohlokoa indastering. Mohlala, nts'etsopele ea lihlahisoa tsa likhoele tse loketseng libaka tse nang le mocheso o phahameng e ka netefatsa ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng ea lisebelisoa tse kang matla a moea le tlhahiso ea matla a letsatsi libakeng tse feteletseng. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ka kaho ea li-grid tse bohlale le phihlello ea mehloli ea motlakase e ajoang, likhoele le likhoele le tsona li hloka ho ba le bohlale le ts'epo e phahameng.
Bahlahisi ba dikheibole ba tsetela ka mafolofolo dipatlisisong le ntshetsopeleng mme ba qadile letoto la dihlahiswa tse ikgethang tsa dikheibole ho fihlela ditlhoko tse hodimo tsa dikheibole lefapheng le letjha la eneji. Dihlahiswa tsena di kenyeletsa dikheibole tsa tshehetso ya mojule wa photovoltaic tse loketseng marulelo a bataletseng, dithapo tsa lead tsa mojule wa sele ya letsatsi bakeng sa ho kenngwa ho tsitsitseng, dikheibole tsa di-pulley tsa terata ya kgatello bakeng sa ditsamaiso tsa ho latela, le dikheibole tsa ho tjhaja diqubu tse nang le kganyetso e betere ya mocheso o phahameng.
Nts'etsopele ea tikoloho e fetohile tumellano ea lefats'e ka bophara, 'me motlakase, joalo ka indasteri ea motheo ea moruo oa naha, o tla tsoela pele ka tsela e ke keng ea qojoa ho ea ka lehlakoreng la tikoloho le khabone e tlase. Lithapo le likhoele tse thibelang malakabe, tse se nang halogen, tse sa tsubeng haholo le tse sa tsubeng tikoloho li ntse li batloa haholo ke' maraka. Bahlahisi ba likhoele ba fokotsa khabone e hlahisoang ke lihlahisoa ka ho ntlafatsa thepa le lits'ebetso, 'me ba nts'etsapele lihlahisoa tse khethehileng tsa likhoele tse nang le boleng bo holimo ho fihlela litlhoko tsa maemo a itseng.
Tebello ea Bokamoso
Likhoele tse ncha tsa eneji, ka ts'ebetso ea tsona e ikhethang, li fana ka tšehetso e matla bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea indasteri e ncha ea eneji. Ka ho hola ho ntseng ho eketseha ha theknoloji e ncha ea eneji le katoloso e tsoelang pele ea tlhoko ea 'maraka, tlhoko ea likhoele tse ncha tsa eneji e tla tsoela pele ho nyoloha. Sena ha se khothaletse feela boqapi ba theknoloji indastering ea likhoele, empa hape se khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea masimo a amanang le ona joalo ka saense ea thepa, lits'ebetso tsa tlhahiso le mahlale a liteko.
Nakong e tlang, ka tsoelo-pele e tsoelang pele theknolojing, ts'ebetso ea likhoele tse ncha tsa motlakase e tla tsoela pele ho ntlafala, e leng se tla beha motheo oa ts'ebeliso e pharaletseng ea motlakase o motala lefatšeng ka bophara. Likhoele tse ncha tsa motlakase tsa boleng bo holimo li tla kena maphelong a rona butle-butle, li thuse phetoho ea sebopeho sa matla a lefats'e, 'me li kenye letsoho haholoanyane nts'etsopele e tsitsitseng. Indasteri ea likhoele e tla boela e etse lipatlisiso tse tebileng le mekhoa ea ho etsa nts'etsopele e motala, 'me e ntlafatse tlholisano le phaello ea likhoebo ka ho theha mehlala e bohlale le ea ts'ebetso ea dijithale, e khothaletse nts'etsopele e hokahaneng ea likhoebo tse holimo le tse tlase ketaneng ea indasteri, 'me qetellong e fihlelle sepheo sa nts'etsopele ea boleng bo holimo.
Jwalo ka karolo ya bohlokwa ya tsela ya motlakase ya nakong e tlang, dithapo tse ntjha tsa eneji di na le menyetla e pharaletseng ya tshebediso le bokgoni bo boholo ba ntshetsopele. Ka phetoho ya sebopeho sa eneji sa lefatshe le kgatelopele e tswelang pele ya theknoloji, dithapo tse ntjha tsa eneji ruri di tla bapala karolo ya bohlokwa haholo phetohong ya eneji ya lefatshe.
Nako ea poso: Tshitwe-06-2024