Libakeng tse koahetsoeng ke leqhoa le lehloa, khetho ea thapo e le 'ngoe e ka ama polokeho le botsitso ba sistimi eohle ea motlakase. Libakeng tse feteletseng tsa mariha, likhoele tse tloaelehileng tsa ho kenya mocheso oa PVC le likhoele tsa PVC sheath li ka senyeha habonolo, tsa petsoha habonolo, 'me tsa fokotsa ts'ebetso ea motlakase, e leng se ka bakang ho hloleha kapa likotsi tsa polokeho. Ho ea ka Power Engineering Cable Design Standard, libaka tse nang le mocheso o tlase oa selemo le selemo o ka tlase ho -15°C li hloka likhoele tse inehetseng tsa mocheso o tlase, ha libaka tse ka tlase ho -25°C li hloka likhoele tsa motlakase tse entsoeng ka mokhoa o ikhethileng tse hanelang serame, likhoele tse sirelelitsoeng, kapa likhoele tse sirelelitsoeng tsa tšepe.
1. Tšusumetso ea Serame se Matla ho Likhoele
Likhoele tse mochesong o tlase li tobana le liphephetso tse ngata. Bothata bo tobileng ka ho fetisisa ke ho thibana ha mocheso o tlase. Likhoele tsa motlakase tse tloaelehileng tse nang le sheath ea PVC li lahleheloa ke ho tenyetseha, lia petsoha ha li kobeha, 'me li ka 'na tsa hlōleha ho fihlela litlhoko tsa libaka tse thata. Lisebelisoa tsa ho thibela mocheso, haholo-holo PVC, li ka 'na tsa senyeha, e leng se lebisang liphosong tsa phetisetso ea lets'oao kapa ho lutla ha motlakase. Likhoele tse sirelelitsoeng, ho kenyeletsoa le likhoele tse sirelelitsoeng tsa tšepe, li hloka mocheso oa ho kenya ka holimo ho -10°C, ha likhoele tsa motlakase tse seng sirelelitsoeng li na le litlhoko tse thata le ho feta.XLPELikhoele tse nang le insulation, likhoele tse nang le PE-sheathed, le likhoele tse nang le LSZH-sheathed li lokela ho lokisoa esale pele tikolohong e futhumetseng bonyane lihora tse 24 ho ≥15°C pele li kenngoa ho boloka ts'ebetso e ntle ka ho fetisisa.
2. Ho Utloisisa Likhoutu tsa Mohlala oa Cable
Ho khetha thapo e nepahetseng ho qala ka ho utloisisa khoutu ea eona ea mohlala, e bontšang mofuta oa thapo, thepa ea conductor, insulation, sheath ea ka hare, sebopeho, sheath ea ka ntle, le litšobotsi tse ikhethang.
Lisebelisoa tsa Kontara: Li-core tsa koporo (“T”) li ratoa haholo libakeng tse batang bakeng sa ho tsamaisa mocheso o tlase haholo. Li-core tsa aluminium li tšoailoe ka “L.”
Lisebelisoa tsa ho Sireletsa: V (PVC), YJ (XLPE), X (Rabara). Likhoele tsa XLPE (YJ) le tse sirelelitsoeng ka rabara li na le ts'ebetso e phahameng ea mocheso o tlase.
Lisebelisoa tsa Selao: PVC e na le meeli ea mocheso o tlase. Li-sheath tsa PE, PUR (polyurethane), PTFE (Teflon), le LSZH li fana ka khanyetso e betere ea serame bakeng sa likhoele tsa motlakase, likhoele tsa taolo le likhoele tsa motlakase o tlase.
Matšoao a Ikhethang: TH (e metsi haholo), TA (e omileng haholo), ZR (e thibelang malakabe), NH (e hanelang mollo) e ka ba ea bohlokoa. Likhoele tse ling tse sirelelitsoeng kapa tse laoloang le tsona li ka sebelisaTheipi ea Mylar or Theipi ea Mylar ea Foil ea Aluminiumbakeng sa karohano, tšireletso, kapa tšireletso e ntlafalitsoeng ea mechini.
3.Khetho ea Cable ka Mocheso
Libaka tse fapaneng tse batang li hloka thepa ea cable e tšoanang le kaho ho thibela ho hloleha ha sistimi:
> -15°C: Likhoele tsa motlakase tse tloaelehileng tse nang le sekwahelo sa PVC li ka sebelisoa, empa ho kenya ho lokela ho ba >0°C. Ho thibela ho ruruha: PVC, PE, XLPE.
> -30°C: Disebediswa tsa sheath di lokela ho kenyeletsa PE, PVC e hanelang serame, kapa di-sheath tse kopaneng tsa nitrile. Ho thibela ho kwahela: PE, XLPE. Mocheso wa ho kenya ≥ -10°C.
< -40°C: Disebediswa tsa sheath di lokela ho ba PE, PUR, kapa PTFE. Ho thibela ho kwahela: PE, XLPE. Mocheso wa ho kenya ≥ -20°C. Dithapo tse hlometseng, dithapo tse hlometseng tsa tshepe tse hlometseng, le dithapo tse hlometseng tsa LSZH di kgethwa bakeng sa ho tshepahala ho hoholo.
4. Ho kenya le ho hlokomela
Ho kenya thapo e hanelang serame ho hloka ho lokisoa ka hloko. Ho futhumatsa thapo ho bohlokoa ha mocheso o theohela ka tlase ho meeli e khothaletsoang: 5–10°C (matsatsi a ~ 3), 25°C (~ letsatsi le le leng), 40°C (~ lihora tse ~ 18). Ho kenya ho lokela ho phethoa nakong ea lihora tse 2 kamora ho tloha polokelong e futhumetseng. Tšoara thapo ka bonolo, qoba ho oa, 'me u matlafatse likobe, matsoapo, kapa lintlha tsa khatello. Hlahloba thapo tsohle kamora ho kenya, ho kenyeletsoa le thapo tse sirelelitsoeng, bakeng sa tšenyo ea sheath, mapetso, kapa mathata a ho futhumatsa. Sebelisa Mylar Tape kapa Aluminium Foil Mylar Tape ha ho hlokahala bakeng sa ho sireletsa kapa ho arola thapo ea lets'oao le ea motlakase.
5. Mehopolo e Felletseng
Ntle le mocheso, nahana ka lintlha tsena ha u khetha likhoele tse sa batang:
Tikoloho ea ho Kenya: Ho pata ka ho toba, foro ea cable, kapa terei li ama ho qhalana ha mocheso le tšireletso ea mechine. Li-sheath tsa PE, PUR, PTFE, le LSZH li tlameha ho bapisoa ka ho lekana.
Litlhoko tsa Matla le Matšoao: Lekola tekanyo ea motlakase, bokhoni ba ho jara motlakase, botšepehi ba matšoao, le khanyetso ea tšitiso. Theipi ea Mylar ea Aluminium Foil e ka hlokahala bakeng sa ho sireletsa likhoele tsa motlakase o tlase, taolo, kapa lisebelisoa.
Litlhoko tsa ho thibela malakabe le ho hanela mollo: ZR, NH, le WDZ (e se nang mosi o mongata halogen) li ka hlokahala bakeng sa libaka tsa ka tlung, thaneleng, kapa tse koetsoeng.
Moruo le Bophelo Bohle: Likhoele tse sirelelitsoeng tsa XLPE, PE, PUR, PTFE, tse sirelelitsoeng, kapa tsa tšepe tse haneloang ke serame li na le litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa pele empa li fokotsa nako ea ho nkeloa sebaka le ea ho se sebetse ka lebaka la tšenyo e tlase mochesong.
Ho kgetha disebediswa tse nepahetseng tsa thapo tse hanelang serame, ho kenyeletswa le dithapo tse sireletsang tsa PVC, XLPE, PE, PUR, PTFE, LSZH, tse sireletsang, le tse tshepe tse tshepe, ho netefatsa botshepehi ba sistimi ya motlakase, tshebetso e bolokehileng, le tshebetso ya nako e telele maemong a mabe a mariha. Kgetho e nepahetseng ya thapo ha e bohlokwa feela bakeng sa botsitso ba motlakase empa hape le bakeng sa polokeho ya motlakase ka kakaretso.
Nako ea poso: Pulungoana-21-2025