Polyethylene Synthesis Mekhoa le Mefuta e sa tšoaneng
(1) Polyethylene ea Boima bo Tlase (LDPE)
Ha oksijene kapa li-peroxide li eketsoa e le lithapo tsa ethylene e hloekileng, e hatelletsoeng hoo e ka bang 202.6 kPa, 'me e futhumatsoa hoo e ka bang 200 ° C, ethylene e fetoha polyethylene e tšoeu, e boka. Mokhoa ona o atisa ho bitsoa ts'ebetso ea khatello e phahameng ka lebaka la maemo a sebetsang. Polyethylene e hlahisoang e na le boima ba 0.915-0.930 g/cm³ le boima ba molek'hule ho tloha ho 15,000 ho isa ho 40,000. Sebopeho sa eona sa limolek'hule se na le makala a mangata 'me se hlephile, se tšoana le sebopeho sa "sefate", se ikarabellang bakeng sa boima ba sona bo tlaase, kahoo lebitso la polyethylene le tlaase.
(2) Polyethylene e Bohareng ba Bohareng (MDPE)
Ts'ebetso ea khatello e mahareng e kenyelletsa polymerizing ethylene tlasa 30-100 atmosphere ho sebelisa li-catalysts tsa metal oxide. Polyethylene e hlahisoang e na le boima ba 0.931-0.940 g/cm³. MDPE e ka boela ea hlahisoa ka ho kopanya polyethylene (HDPE) ea high-density (HDPE) le LDPE kapa ka copolymerization ea ethylene le li-comonomers tse kang butene, vinyl acetate, kapa acrylates.
(3) Polyethylene e Phahameng ka ho Fetisisa (HDPE)
Tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng a mocheso le khatello, ethylene e entsoe ka polymerized ka ho sebelisa li-catalysts tsa coordination tse sebetsang hantle haholo (metsoako ea organometallic e entsoeng ka alkylaluminum le titanium tetrachloride). Ka lebaka la ts'ebetso e phahameng ea catalytic, karabelo ea polymerization e ka phethoa ka potlako ka likhatello tse tlaase (0-10 atm) le mocheso o tlaase (60-75 ° C), kahoo lebitso la ts'ebetso ea khatello e tlaase. Polyethylene e hlahisoang e na le sebopeho sa molek'hule se se nang makala, se nang le mela e lekaneng, se tlatsetsang ho matla a eona a phahameng (0.941-0.965 g/cm³). Ha e bapisoa le LDPE, HDPE e bonts'a khanyetso e phahameng ea mocheso, thepa ea mochini, le khanyetso ea khatello ea tikoloho.
Lintho tsa Polyethylene
Polyethylene ke polasetiki e bosoeu ba lebese, e kang boka, e bonaletsang, 'me e etsa hore e be sebaka se setle sa ho kenya letsoho le ho roala lithapo le likhoele. Melemo ea eona e ka sehloohong e kenyelletsa:
(1) Lintho tse ntle tsa motlakase: ho hanyetsa ho kenella ho matla le matla a dielectric; tumello e tlase (ε) le tangent ea tahlehelo ea dielectric (tanδ) ho pholletsa le mefuta e mengata ea maqhubu, e itšetlehileng ka makhetlo a fokolang, e leng se etsang hore e be dielectric e loketseng bakeng sa likhoele tsa puisano.
(2) Thepa e ntle ea mochini: e tenyetseha empa e le thata, e nang le khanyetso e ntle ea deformation.
(3) Ho hanyetsa ka matla botsofali ba mocheso, ho fokola ha mocheso o tlase, le botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale.
(4) Ho hanyetsa metsi ho babatsehang ka ho monya mongobo o tlaase; ho hanyetsa ho kenya letsoho hangata ha ho fokotsehe ha o qoelisoa ka metsing.
(5) E le thepa e seng ea polar, e bonts'a ho kenella ha khase e phahameng, 'me LDPE e na le khase e phahameng ka ho fetisisa har'a polasetiki.
(6) Matla a khoheli a tlase, kaofela a ka tlase ho 1. LDPE e hlokomeleha ka ho khetheha ho hoo e ka bang 0.92 g/cm³, athe HDPE, leha e le boima bo phahameng, e ka ba 0.94 g/cm³ feela.
(7) Lisebelisoa tse ntle tsa ts'ebetso: ho bonolo ho qhibiliha le ho etsa polasetiki ntle le ho bola, ho pholile habonolo ho ba sebopeho, 'me ho lumella taolo e nepahetseng holim'a geometry ea sehlahisoa le boholo.
(8) Lithapo tse entsoeng ka polyethylene li bobebe, ho bonolo ho li kenya, ebile ho bonolo ho li emisa. Leha ho le joalo, polyethylene e boetse e na le litšitiso tse 'maloa: mocheso o tlaase o bonolo; ho chesa, ho ntša monko o kang oa parafine ha o chesoa; bofokoli bo fokolang ba tikoloho-ho senya khatello ea maikutlo le khanyetso ea creep. Tlhokomelo e khethehileng ea hlokahala ha u sebelisa polyethylene e le mohatsela kapa ho roala lithapo tsa likepe tse tsamaeang ka tlas'a metsi kapa likhoele tse kentsoeng marotholing a emeng a emeng.
Polyethylene Plastics bakeng sa Lithapo le Lithapo
(1) Kakaretso-Purpose Insulation Polyethylene Plastic
E entsoe feela ka polyethylene resin le li-antioxidants.
(2) Polasetiki ea Polyethylene e hanyetsanang le Boemo ba Leholimo
Haholo-holo e entsoe ka polyethylene resin, antioxidants, le carbon black. Ho hanyetsa boemo ba leholimo ho itšetlehile ka boholo ba karoloana, likahare, le ho hasana ha carbon black.
(3) Tikoloho Stress-Crack Resistant Polyethylene Plastic
E sebelisa polyethylene e nang le melt flow index e ka tlase ho 0.3 le kabo e moqotetsane ea boima ba limolek'hule. Polyethylene e ka boela ea kopanngoa ka mekhoa ea mahlaseli kapa lik'hemik'hale.
(4) Plastiki ea Polyethylene ea Polyethylene e Phahameng ka ho Fetisisa
Ho kenngoa ha cable ea matla a phahameng ho hloka polasetiki ea ultra-pure polyethylene, e tlatsitsoeng ka li-voltage stabilizers le li-extruder tse khethehileng ho thibela sebopeho se se nang letho, ho hatella ho tsoa ha resin, le ho ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa arc, ho hanyetsa khoholeho ea motlakase, le ho hanyetsa corona.
(5) Semiconductive Polyethylene Plastic
E hlahisoa ka ho eketsa carbon black ho polyethylene, hangata e sebelisa khabone e ntšo, e nang le sebopeho se phahameng.
(6) Thermoplastic Low-Smoke Zero-Halogen (LSZH) Polyolefin Cable Compound
Motsoako ona o sebelisa resin ea polyethylene e le thepa ea motheo, e kenyelletsang li-retardants tse sa sebetseng hantle tsa halogen, li-suppressants tsa mosi, li-thermal stabilizers, li-antifungal agents, le li-colorants, tse sebetsoang ka ho kopanya, polasetiki le pelletization.
Polyethylene ea Crosslinked (XLPE)
Tlas'a ts'ebetso ea mahlaseli a matla a matla kapa li-crosslinking agents, sebopeho sa molek'hule sa polyethylene se fetoha sebopeho sa mahlakore a mararo (marang-rang), se fetola thepa ea thermoplastic hore e be thermoset. Ha e sebelisoa e le insulation,XLPEe khona ho mamella mocheso o sa khaotseng oa ho sebetsa ho fihla ho 90°C le mocheso o mokhuts'oane oa 170–250°C. Mekhoa ea ho kopanya e kenyelletsa ho kopanya 'mele le lik'hemik'hale. Irradiation crosslinking ke mokhoa oa 'mele, athe lik'hemik'hale tse tloaelehileng haholo tsa ho kopanya lik'hemik'hale ke DCP (dicuyl peroxide).
Nako ea poso: Apr-10-2025