Lilemong tsa morao tjena, indasteri ea matla ea China e bile le tsoelo-pele e potlakileng, e hatelang pele haholo theknolojing le tsamaisong. Liphihlello tse kang li-voltage tse phahameng ka ho fetesisa le theknoloji e phahameng haholo li behile China joalo ka moetapele oa lefats'e. Ho entsoe tsoelo-pele e kholo ho tloha ho rala kapa ho ea ho ea kaho hammoho le boemo ba tsamaiso ea ts'ebetso le tlhokomelo.
Ha indasteri ea matla, peterole, lik'hemik'hale, lipalangoang tsa litoropo, likoloi le likepe tsa China li ntse li hola ka potlako, haholoholo ka ho potlakisa phetoho ea grid, kenyelletso e latellanang ea merero ea motlakase o phahameng haholo, le phetoho ea lefats'e ea tlhahiso ea mehala le likhoele ho ea ho Sebaka sa Asia-Pacific se pota-potile China, 'maraka oa terata ea lapeng le oa cable o holile ka potlako.
Lekala la tlhahiso ea lithapo le lithapo le hlahile e le lona le leholo ka ho fetisisa har'a likarohano tse fetang mashome a mabeli tsa indasteri ea motlakase le ea elektroniki, e leng karolo ea kotara ea lekala lena.
I. Mokhahlelo oa Nts'etsopele ea Khōlo ea Khoebo ea Mehala le Lithapo
Liphetoho tse poteletseng ho nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea li-cable ea China lilemong tsa morao tjena li bonts'a phetoho ho tloha nakong ea kholo e potlakileng ho ea ho ea kholo:
- Ho tsitsisa ha tlhokeho ea 'maraka le ho fokotseha ha kholo ea indasteri, e leng se bakang tšekamelo e lebisang ho ntlafatseng mekhoa le lits'ebetso tse tloaelehileng, ka mahlale a fokolang kapa a phetoho.
- Tlhokomelo e tiileng ea taolo ke ba boholong ba amehang, hammoho le ho toboketsa ntlafatso ea boleng le kaho ea lebitso, e lebisa ho khothatso e ntle ea mmaraka.
- Litlamorao tse kopaneng tsa likarolo tse kholo tsa kantle le tsa kahare tsa indasteri li khothalelitse likhoebo tse lumellanang le melaoana ho etelletsa pele boleng le lebitso, ho bonts'a maemo a moruo ka har'a lekala.
- Litlhoko tsa ho kena indastering, ho rarahana ha thekenoloji, le matla a matsete a eketsehile, e leng se lebisang ho khethollo pakeng tsa likhoebo. Phello ea Matthew e bonahala har'a lik'hamphani tse etellang pele, ka ho phahama ha palo ea lik'hamphani tse fokolang tse tsoang 'marakeng le ho fokotseha ha ba kenang ba bacha. Likopano tsa indasteri le ho hlophisa bocha li ntse li sebetsa haholoanyane.
- Ho latela lintlha tse lateloang le tse hlahlobiloeng, karolo ea lekeno la lik'hamphani tse thathamisitsoeng ka har'a indasteri ka kakaretso e ntse e eketseha selemo le selemo.
- Libakeng tse ikhethileng tsa liindasteri tse loketseng boemo bo bohareng, baetapele ba indasteri ha ba bone feela ts'ebeliso e ntlafalitsoeng ea 'maraka, empa tlholisano ea bona ea machabeng le eona e eketsehile.
II. Mekhoa ea Liphetoho tsa Nts'etsopele
Matla a Maraka
Ka 2022, kakaretso ea tšebeliso ea motlakase ea naha e fihletse lihora tse 863.72 bilione tsa kilowatt, e emelang kholo ea selemo le selemo ea 3.6%.
Karohano ea indasteri:
- Tšebeliso ea motlakase oa indasteri ea mantlha: lihora tse limilione tse likete tse 114.6 tsa kilowatt, ho nyoloha ka 10.4%.
- Tšebeliso ea motlakase indastering ea bobeli: lihora tse limilione tse likete tse 57,001 tsa kilowatt, e nyolohile ka 1.2%.
- Tšebeliso ea motlakase indastering ea thuto e phahameng: lihora tse limilione tse likete tse 14,859 tsa kilowatt, e nyolohile ka 4.4%.
- Tšebeliso ea motlakase ea baahi ba litoropong le mahaeng: lihora tse libilione tse 13,366 tsa kilowatt, e nyolohile ka 13.8%.
Qetellong ea Tšitoe 2022, matla a naha a fehlang motlakase a kentsoeng a fihletse hoo e ka bang li-kilowatt tse 2.56 bilione, e leng se tšoaeang kholo ea selemo le selemo ea 7.8%.
Ka 2022, kakaretso ea matla a kentsoeng a mehloli ea matla a ka nchafatsoang e ile ea feta li-kilowatts tse limilione tse likete tse 1.2, ka motlakase oa metsi, matla a moea, matla a letsatsi, le phepelo ea matla a biomass kaofela li maemong a pele lefatšeng.
Ka ho qolleha, matla a matla a moea a ne a ka ba li-kilowatt tse limilione tse 370, ho nyoloha ka 11.2% selemo le selemo, ha matla a letsatsi a ne a ka ba li-kilowatt tse limilione tse 390, keketseho ea selemo le selemo ea 28.1%.
Matla a Maraka
Ka 2022, kakaretso ea tšebeliso ea motlakase ea naha e fihletse lihora tse 863.72 bilione tsa kilowatt, e emelang kholo ea selemo le selemo ea 3.6%.
Karohano ea indasteri:
- Tšebeliso ea motlakase oa indasteri ea mantlha: lihora tse limilione tse likete tse 114.6 tsa kilowatt, ho nyoloha ka 10.4%.
- Tšebeliso ea motlakase indastering ea bobeli: lihora tse limilione tse likete tse 57,001 tsa kilowatt, e nyolohile ka 1.2%.
- Tšebeliso ea motlakase indastering ea thuto e phahameng: lihora tse limilione tse likete tse 14,859 tsa kilowatt, e nyolohile ka 4.4%.
- Tšebeliso ea motlakase ea baahi ba litoropong le mahaeng: lihora tse libilione tse 13,366 tsa kilowatt, e nyolohile ka 13.8%.
Qetellong ea Tšitoe 2022, matla a naha a fehlang motlakase a kentsoeng a fihletse hoo e ka bang li-kilowatt tse 2.56 bilione, e leng se tšoaeang kholo ea selemo le selemo ea 7.8%.
Ka 2022, kakaretso ea matla a kentsoeng a mehloli ea matla a ka nchafatsoang e ile ea feta li-kilowatts tse limilione tse likete tse 1.2, ka motlakase oa metsi, matla a moea, matla a letsatsi, le phepelo ea matla a biomass kaofela li maemong a pele lefatšeng.
Ka ho qolleha, matla a matla a moea a ne a ka ba li-kilowatt tse limilione tse 370, ho nyoloha ka 11.2% selemo le selemo, ha matla a letsatsi a ne a ka ba li-kilowatt tse limilione tse 390, keketseho ea selemo le selemo ea 28.1%.
Boemo ba Matsete
Ka 2022, matsete a merero ea kaho ea marang-rang a fihlile ho li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 501.2, keketseho ea selemo le selemo ea 2.0%.
Likhamphani tse kholo tse fehlang motlakase ho phatlalla le naha li phethetse matsete a merero ea boenjiniere ba motlakase e etsang kakaretso ea li-yuan tse libilione tse 720.8, e leng se bontšang keketseho ea selemo le selemo ea 22.8%. Har'a tsena, matsete a motlakase oa metsi e ne e le li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 86.3, ho theoha ka 26.5% selemo le selemo; matsete a matla a mocheso e ne e le li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 90,9, ho nyoloha ka 28.4% selemo le selemo; matsete a matla a nyutlelie e ne e le li-yuan tse limilione tse likete tse 67.7, tse nyolohang ka 25.7% selemo le selemo.
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, e khannoang ke morero oa "Lebanta le Tsela", Chaena e atolositse matsete a eona haholo matleng a Afrika, e leng se lebisang ho pharalletseng ha tšebelisano-'moho ea China le Afrika le ho hlaha ha menyetla e mecha eo ho neng ho se mohla e kileng ea bonoa. Leha ho le joalo, mehato ena e boetse e kenyelletsa litaba tse ngata tsa lipolotiki, moruo le sechaba, e leng se lebisang likotsing tse kholo ho tsoa mahlakoreng a fapaneng.
Pono ea 'Maraka
Hajoale, mafapha a amehang a fane ka lipheo tse ling bakeng sa "Leano la Lilemo tse Mehlano" la matla le nts'etsopele ea matla, hammoho le "Internet+" moralo oa ts'ebetso ea matla a bohlale. Litaelo bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea li-grid tse bohlale le merero ea phetoho ea marang-rang ea kabo le tsona li hlahisitsoe.
Metheo ea nako e telele ea moruo e ntle ea China e lula e sa fetoha, e khetholloang ke botsitso ba moruo, bokhoni bo bongata, sebaka se lekaneng sa ho laola, tšehetso e tsitsitseng ea kholo, le mokhoa o tsoelang pele oa ho ntlafatsa liphetoho tsa moralo oa moruo.
Ka 2023, matla a ho fehla motlakase a kentsoeng China ho hakanngoa hore a tla fihla ho li-kilowatt tse limilione tse likete tse 2.55, ho nyolohela ho lihora tse libilione tse 2.8 tsa li-kilowatt ka 2025.
Litlhahlobo li fana ka maikutlo a hore indasteri ea matla ea China e tsoetse pele ka potlako lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka keketseho e kholo ea sekhahla sa indasteri. Tlas'a tšusumetso ea theknoloji e ncha e phahameng joalo ka 5G le Marang-rang a Lintho (IoT), indasteri ea matla ea China e kene boemong bo bocha ba phetoho le ntlafatso.
Mathata a nts'etsopele
Ts'ebetso e fapaneng ea nts'etsopele ea China indastering ea matla a macha e ea bonahala, ka matla a khale a moea le metheo ea photovoltaic e sebetsang ka mafolofolo ho boloka matla, matla a haedrojene le mafapha a mang, ho theha mokhoa oa tlatsetso oa matla a mangata. Sekala se akaretsang sa kaho ea matla a fehloang ka metsi ha se seholo, haholo-holo se tsepamisitsoe liteisheneng tsa polokelo ea motlakase tse pompetsoeng, ha kaho ea marang-rang a motlakase ho phatlalla le naha e ntse e bona kholo e ncha.
Nts'etsopele ea matla a China e kene nakong ea bohlokoa ea mekhoa ea ho fetoha, ho lokisa meaho le ho fetola mehloli ea matla. Le hoja phetoho e felletseng ea matla e entse khatelo-pele e kholo, mohato o tlang oa ntlafatso o tla tobana le mathata a maholo le litšitiso tse kholo.
Ka nts'etsopele e potlakileng ea matla a China le phetoho e tsoelang pele le ntlafatso, katoloso e kholo ea marang-rang a motlakase, ho eketseha ha maemo a motlakase, palo e ntseng e eketseha ea likarolo tse phahameng tsa matla le liparamethara tse phahameng, le kopanyo e kholo ea phepelo ea matla a macha ho grid kaofela li lebisa ho tlhophiso e rarahaneng ea sistimi ea matla le litšobotsi tsa ts'ebetso.
Haholo-holo, keketseho ea likotsi tseo e seng tsa setso tse tlisoang ke ts'ebeliso ea mahlale a macha joalo ka thekenoloji ea tlhahisoleseling e phahamisitse litlhoko tse phahameng bakeng sa bokhoni ba ts'ehetso ea sistimi, bokhoni ba phetisetso, le bokhoni ba ho lokisa, ho hlahisa mathata a bohlokoa ts'ebetsong e bolokehileng le e tsitsitseng ea matla. tsamaiso.
Nako ea poso: Sep-01-2023