Moralong oa thapo ea optical fiber (OFC), ho khetha thepa e tala e nepahetseng ho bohlokoa. Libaka tse fapaneng tsa ts'ebetso—tse kang serame se feteletseng, mocheso o phahameng, mongobo, ho kenngoa kantle, ho kobeha ho tsoelang pele, kapa ho sisinyeha khafetsa—li hloka litlhoko tse fapaneng thepa ea optical cable. Mona, re akaretsa lisebelisoa tse 'maloa tsa mantlha tse sebelisoang haholo indastering, re sekaseka litšobotsi tsa tsona tsa ts'ebetso le lits'ebetso tse sebetsang ho thusa ho ntlafatsa moralo oa hau oa thapo ea optical fiber le khetho ea thepa.
1. PBT (Polybutylene Terephthalate) — Thepa e Tloaelehileng Haholo bakeng sa Liphaephe tse Lokolohileng
PBTke thepa e sebelisoang haholo bakeng sa lipeipi tse hlephileng ka har'a likhoele tsa faeba ea optical. Lipolasitiki tse tloaelehileng tsa cable li atisa ho robeha habonolo mochesong o tlase 'me li nolofala mochesong o phahameng. PBT e fetotsoeng, mohlala, ka likarolo tsa ketane tse tenyetsehang, e ntlafatsa haholo khanyetso ea tšusumetso mochesong o tlase 'me e ka fihlela litlhoko ho fihlela ho -40°C. Ho feta moo, PBT e fana ka botsitso bo botle le botsitso ba litekanyo mochesong o phahameng, e netefatsa tšireletso e tšepahalang bakeng sa likhoele tlas'a khatello ea mocheso. Ts'ebetso ea eona e leka-lekaneng, litšenyehelo tse utloahalang, le ho tenyetseha ho etsa hore e be khetho e tloaelehileng bakeng sa likhoele tsa puisano tsa kantle, likhoele tsa ho tsamaea nako e telele, le meaho ea likhoele tsa ADSS.
2. PP (Polypropylene) — Ho Tiea ha Mocheso o Tlase le Khanyetso ea Hydrolysis e Phahameng
PP e hapile tlhokomelo ka har'a thepa ea cable ea optical ka lebaka la ho tiea ha eona ho phahameng ha mocheso o tlase, e thibelang ho petsoha maemong a batang haholo. Khanyetso ea eona ea hydrolysis le eona e phahametse PBT, e leng se etsang hore e lokele libaka tse mongobo kapa tse nang le metsi a mangata. Leha ho le joalo, PP e na le modulus le ho tiea ho tlase hanyane ha e bapisoa le PBT, kahoo ts'ebeliso ea eona e lokela ho nahana ka sebopeho se itseng sa cable. Mohlala, likhoele tse bobebe, likhoele tsa hybrid tsa ka tlung le kantle, kapa meaho ea li-tube tse hlephileng tse hlokang ho tenyetseha ho hoholo li ka khetha PP e le mokhoa o mong.
3. LSZH (Low Smoke Zero Halogen) — Thepa ea Jakete ea Cable e Sireletsang Tikoloho e ka Sehloohong
LSZHke thepa ea jase ea cable e sebelisoang haholo e mosa tikolohong. Mekhoa ea boleng bo holimo ea LSZH, e fihlelletsoang ka litsamaiso tse ikhethileng tsa polymer le mahlale a ho tlatsa, e ka fihlela litlhoko tsa tšusumetso e tlase ea mocheso oa -40°C 'me ea boloka tšebeliso ea nako e telele ho 85°C. Haeba ho ka cha, LSZH e ntša mosi o tlase le likhase tsa halogen, e ntlafatsa haholo polokeho bakeng sa likhoele tsa ka tlung, likhoele tsa setsi sa data, le terata ea lits'ebeletso tsa sechaba. E boetse e fana ka khanyetso e ntle khahlanong le ho petsoha ha khatello ea tikoloho le mafome a lik'hemik'hale, e leng se etsang hore e be khetho e feto-fetohang bakeng sa lijase tsa cable tsa ka tlung le tsa kantle.
4. TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane) — “Morena” oa ho Tenyetseha ha Mocheso o Tlase le ho Hanela ho Abrasion
TPU e tsebahala ka ho tenyetseha ha eona le ho tiea ha eona tlas'a mocheso o tlase haholo. Ho fapana le PVC, TPU e lula e tenyetseha haholo 'me ha e petsohe. E boetse e na le ho hanyetsa ho hoholo ha ho hoholo, oli le ho taboha, e leng se etsang hore e be ntle bakeng sa likhoele tse tsamaeang, ho kenyeletsoa likhoele tsa ketane ea ho hula, likhoele tsa likoloi, likhoele tsa merafo, likhoele tsa roboto le lits'ebetso tsa othomathiki ea indasteri. Hlokomela hore khanyetso ea TPU ea mocheso o phahameng le hydrolysis e itšetlehile ka sehlopha se itseng, kahoo ho khetha mekhoa ea boleng bo holimo ho bohlokoa.
5. PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) — Khetho ea Jakete ea Cable e Sebetsang ka Theko e Tlase e nang le Meeli ea Mocheso o Tlase
PVC e ntse e sebelisoa bakeng sa likhoele tse itseng tsa optical ka lebaka la theko ea eona e tlase le ho sebetsa habonolo. Leha ho le joalo, PVC e tloaelehileng ea thatafala 'me e ka petsoha ka tlase ho -10°C, e leng se etsang hore e se ke ea tšoaneleha bakeng sa maemo a batang haholo. PVC e mocheso o tlase kapa e hanelang serame e ka fokotsa mocheso oa phetoho ea khalase ka li-plasticizer, empa sena se ka senya matla a mechini le khanyetso ea botsofali. Ka hona, PVC e loketse hamolemo merero e nang le litšenyehelo tse tlase libakeng tse tsitsitseng, joalo ka lits'ebetso tse tloaelehileng tsa ka tlung kapa li-setup tsa cable tsa nakoana.
6. TPV (Thermoplastic Vulcanizate) — Ho Kopanya Ho Tsitsisa ha Rabara le Ho Sebetsa ha Plastiki
TPV e kopanya ho tenyetseha ha rabara le ho kgona ho sebetsa ha polasetiki. E fana ka kganyetso e ntle haholo ya mocheso o phahameng le o tlase, hammoho le ho kgona ho mamella maemo a lehodimo le ho hanyetsa ozone ka tsela e ikgethang. Ho tenyetseha le ho tshwarella ha TPV ho etsa hore e lokele dithapo tsa optical tsa kantle, dithapo tsa dikoloi le dithapo tse tenyetsehang. Jwalo ka thepa, TPV e leka-lekanya dibopeho tsa TPU le PVC, e fana ka ho tenyetseha ho babatsehang ha sebopeho le ho kgona ho mamella tikoloho.
7. XLPE (Polyethylene e Kopantsoeng) — Thepa ea ho Sireletsa ea Mocheso o Phahameng bakeng sa Likhoele tsa Optical le tsa Matla
XLPE, ka ho kopanya, e eketsa ho hanyetsa mocheso mme e ka sebetsa ka ho tswela pele ho feta 90°C. E boetse e fana ka matla a phahameng a mechini le ho hanyetsa khatello. Le hoja XLPE e sebediswa haholo bakeng sa ho thibela thapo ya motlakase (mohlala, 1kV–35kV), ka dinako tse ding e sebediswa dithapong tsa optical bakeng sa ho matlafatsa kapa ditshebediso tsa mocheso o phahameng. Thepa ya yona ya mocheso le ya mechini e etsa hore e lokele dithapo tse ikgethang tsa optical dibakeng tse thata.
Ho Khetha Lisebelisoa tsa Jakete ea Cable ea Optical — Maemo a Ts'ebeliso ke a Bohlokoa
Ho khetha thepa e nepahetseng ea cable ea optical ho hloka ho fetang ho hlahloba lintlha tsa tekheniki; ho tlameha ho boela ho nahane ka maemo a sebele a ts'ebeliso:
Ho Kenngwa ho Tsitsitseng (kantle, duct, aerial): LSZH, TPV, XLPE
Lisebelisoa tsa ho Falla (liketane tsa ho hula, liroboto, likoloi, merafo): TPU
Serame se Matla (-40°C kapa ka tlase): PBT e Fetotsoeng, PP, TPU
Ho kenya likhoele ka tlung, tšebeliso e tloaelehileng, merero e nang le litšenyehelo tse tlase: PVC (e khothaletsoa feela tlas'a maemo a itseng)
Ha ho na tharollo ea "boholo bo le bong bo lekanang bohle" bakeng sa thepa ea cable ea optical. Khetho e lokela ho ipapisa le tlhahlobo e felletseng ea sebopeho sa cable, maemo a ho kenya, tekanyetso, le botšepehi ba nako e telele.
Nako ea poso: Pulungoana-20-2025