Lisebelisoa tsa polyolefin, tse tsebahalang ka thepa ea tsona e ntle ea motlakase, ho sebetsa hantle ha tsona, le ts'ebetso ea tikoloho, li fetohile e 'ngoe ea lisebelisoa tsa ho kenya mocheso le sheath tse sebelisoang haholo indastering ea terata le ea cable.
Li-polyolefin ke li-polymer tse boima ba limolek'hule tse entsoeng ka li-monomer tsa olefin tse kang ethylene, propylene le butene. Li sebelisoa haholo liindastering tsa lik'hebole, liphuthelong, kahong, likoloing le tsa bongaka.
Tlhahisong ea lithapo, thepa ea polyolefin e fana ka ts'ebetso e tlase ea dielectric, ho kenya mocheso ho phahameng, le khanyetso e ikhethang ea lik'hemik'hale, e netefatsang botsitso le polokeho ea nako e telele. Litšobotsi tsa tsona tsa halogen tse se nang halogen le tse ka sebelisoang hape li lumellana le mekhoa ea sejoale-joale ea tlhahiso e tala le e tšoarellang.
I. Tlhophiso ka Mofuta oa Monomer
1. Polyethylene (PE)
Polyethylene (PE) ke resin ea thermoplastic e entsoeng ka polymer ho tsoa ho li-monomer tsa ethylene 'me ke e' ngoe ea polasetiki e sebelisoang haholo lefatšeng ka bophara. Ho latela bongata le sebopeho sa limolek'hule, e arotsoe ka mefuta ea LDPE, HDPE, LLDPE, le XLPE.
(1)Polyethylene e nang le Boima bo Tlase (LDPE)
Sebopeho: E hlahisitsoe ke polymerization e phahameng ea khatello e phahameng ea free-radical; e na le liketane tse ngata tse nang le makala, tse nang le kristale ea 55–65% le boima ba 0.91–0.93 g/cm³.
Matlotlo: E bonolo, e bonaletsang, ebile e hanela ho tshwarwa empa e na le kganyetso e itekanetseng ya mocheso (ho fihlela ho 80 °C).
Ditshebediso: E sebediswa hangata e le thepa ya sheath bakeng sa puisano le dikhoele tsa matshwao, ho leka-lekanya ho tenyetseha le ho kenya mocheso.
(2) Polyethylene e nang le Boima bo Holimo (HDPE)
Sebopeho: E polisitsoe tlas'a khatello e tlase ka li-catalyst tsa Ziegler-Natta; e na le makala a fokolang kapa ha e na makala, kristale e phahameng (80-95%), le boima ba 0.94-0.96 g/cm³.
Matlotlo: Matla a phahameng le ho tiea, botsitso bo babatsehang ba lik'hemik'hale, empa ho tiea ha mocheso o tlase ho fokotsehile hanyane.
Ditshebediso: E sebediswa haholo bakeng sa dikarolo tsa ho kenya mocheso, diphaephe tsa puisano, le di-sheath tsa cable tsa fiber optic, e fanang ka tshireletso e ntle ya boemo ba lehodimo le ya mechini, haholoholo bakeng sa ho kenya kantle kapa ka tlasa lefatshe.
(3) Polyethylene e Tlase e Mothati (LLDPE)
Sebopeho: E kopantsoe le ethylene le α-olefin, e nang le makala a makgutshwane a ketane; bongata bo pakeng tsa 0.915–0.925 g/cm³.
Matlotlo: E kopanya ho tenyetseha le matla le ho hanyetsa ho phunya hantle.
Ditshebediso: E loketse disebediswa tsa sheath le tsa ho kwahela ka dithapo tse tlase le tse mahareng le dithapo tsa taolo, e leng se eketsang kganyetso le ho hanyetsa ho kobeha.
(4)Polyethylene e hokahantsoeng ka sefapano (XLPE)
Sebopeho: Marangrang a mahlakore a mararo a bopilweng ka ho hokahana ha dikhemikhale kapa ha mmele (silane, peroxide, kapa electron-beam).
Matlotlo: Ho hanyetsa mocheso ka tsela e ikhethang, matla a mechini, ho thibela mocheso ka motlakase, le ho mamella maemo a leholimo.
Ditshebediso: E sebediswa haholo dithapong tsa motlakase tse mahareng le tse phahameng, dithapong tse ntjha tsa motlakase, le dithapong tsa dithapo tsa dikoloi — e leng thepa e ka sehloohong ya ho kwahela mocheso tlhahisong ya dithapo tsa sejwalejwale.
2. Polypropylene (PP)
Polypropylene (PP), e entsoeng ka polymer ho tsoa ho propylene, e na le boima ba 0.89–0.92 g/cm³, ntlha ea ho qhibiliha ea 164–176 °C, le mocheso o sebetsang oa -30 °C ho isa ho 140 °C.
Matlotlo: E bobebe, matla a phahameng a mechini, khanyetso e ntle ea lik'hemik'hale, le ho thibela motlakase ho phahameng.
Ditshebediso: E sebediswa haholoholo e le thepa ya ho kwahela e se nang halogen ka hara dithapo. Ka kgatello e ntseng e hola ya tshireletso ya tikoloho, polypropylene e hokahantsweng ka cross-linked (XLPP) le modified copolymer PP di ntse di nkela polyethylene ya setso sebaka ka ho eketsehileng ditsamaisong tsa dithapo tsa mocheso o phahameng le tsa motlakase o phahameng, tse kang diterene, matla a moya le dithapo tsa dikoloi tsa motlakase.
3. Polybutylene (PB)
Polybutylene e kenyelletsa Poly(1-butene) (PB-1) le Polyisobutylene (PIB).
Matlotlo: Ho hanyetsa mocheso hantle, botsitso ba lik'hemik'hale, le ho hanyetsa ho thekesela.
Ditshebediso: PB-1 e sebediswa diphaepheng, difiliming le diphuthelong, ha PIB e sebediswa haholo tlhahisong ya dikheibole e le gel, sealant, le motswako o tlatsang metsi ka lebaka la ho se kenelle ha yona ka kgase le ho se kenelle ha dikhemikhale—e sebediswang haholo dikheiboleng tsa fiber optic bakeng sa ho kwala le ho sireletsa mongobo.
II. Lisebelisoa tse ling tse Tloaelehileng tsa Polyolefin
(1) Ethylene–Vinyl Acetate Copolymer (EVA)
EVA e kopanya ethylene le vinyl acetate, e nang le ho tenyetseha le ho hanyetsa serame (e boloka ho tenyetseha ho -50 °C).
Matlotlo: E bonolo, e hanela ho tshwarwa ke matla, ha e na chefo, mme e hanela botsofali.
Ditshebediso: Ka hara dithapo, EVA hangata e sebediswa e le sesebelisoa sa ho fetola ho tenyetseha kapa resin ya carrier ka hara diforomo tsa Low Smoke Zero Halogen (LSZH), e leng se ntlafatsang botsitso ba tshebetso le ho tenyetseha ha thepa ya ho kenya le ho kenya le ho boloka mocheso o sireletsang tikoloho.
(2) Polyethylene e Boima bo Holimo ba Limolek'hule (UHMWPE)
Ka boima ba limolek'hule bo fetang limilione tse 1.5, UHMWPE ke polasetiki ea boenjiniere ea maemo a holimo.
Matlotlo: E hanyetsa ho tsofala ho hoholo hara dipolasetiki, e matla a tshusumetso a fetang a ABS ka makgetlo a mahlano, e hanyetsa dikhemikhale hantle, mme e monya mongobo o tlase.
Ditshebediso: E sebediswa dikgweleng tsa optical le dikgweleng tse ikgethang e le sheathing e hodimo kapa ho roala bakeng sa dikarolo tse tensile, e leng se eketsang kganyetso kgahlanong le tshenyo ya mechine le ho kgohlana.
III. Qetello
Lisebelisoa tsa polyolefin ha li na halogen, ha li tsoe mosi o mongata, 'me ha li na chefo ha li chesoa. Li fana ka botsitso bo botle ba motlakase, mechine le ts'ebetso, 'me ts'ebetso ea tsona e ka ntlafatsoa haholoanyane ka theknoloji ea ho kopanya, ho kopanya le ho kopanya.
Ka motsoako oa tsona oa polokeho, botsoalle tikolohong, le ts'ebetso e tšepahalang, thepa ea polyolefin e fetohile sistimi ea mantlha ea thepa indastering ea sejoale-joale ea terata le ea cable. Ha re sheba pele, ha makala a kang likoloi tse ncha tsa eneji, li-photovoltaic, le puisano ea data li ntse li tsoela pele ho hola, boqapi lits'ebetsong tsa polyolefin bo tla tsoela pele ho tsamaisa nts'etsopele e phahameng le e tsitsitseng ea indasteri ea cable.
Nako ea poso: Mphalane-17-2025